Eukaryotic Cell Capture by Amplified Magnetic Hybridization Using Yeast as a Model.

A non-destructive approach based on magnetic hybridization (MISH) and hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for the specific capture of eukaryotic cells has been developed. As a prerequisite, a HCR-MISH procedure initially used for tracking bacterial cells was here adapted for the first time to target eukaryotic cells using a universal eukaryotic probe, Euk-516R. Following labeling with superparamagnetic nanoparticles, cells from the model eukaryotic microorganism were hybridized and isolated on a micro-magnet array.

Rifampicin exposure reveals within-host Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity in patients with delayed culture conversion.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genetic micro-diversity in clinical isolates may underline mycobacterial adaptation to tuberculosis (TB) infection and provide insights to anti-TB treatment response and emergence of resistance. Herein we followed within-host evolution of Mtb clinical isolates in two cohorts of TB patients, either with delayed Mtb culture conversion (> 2 months), or with fast culture conversion (< 2 months). We captured the genetic diversity of Mtb isolates obtained in each patient, by focusing on minor variants detected as unfixed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Carbon metabolism snapshot by ddPCR during the early step of Candida albicans phagocytosis by macrophages.

During Candida macrophage interactions, phagocytosed yeast cells feed in order to grow, develop hyphae and escape. Through numerous proteomic and transcriptomic studies, two metabolic phases have been described. A shift to a starvation mode is generally identified as early as one-hour post phagocytosis, followed by a glycolytic growth mode after C.

copy number variation reveals starch diet adaptations in ancient European dogs.

Extant dog and wolf DNA indicates that dog domestication was accompanied by the selection of a series of duplications on the gene coding for pancreatic amylase. In this study, we used a palaeogenetic approach to investigate the timing and expansion of the gene in the ancient dog populations of Western and Eastern Europe and Southwest Asia. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to estimate the copy numbers of this gene for 13 ancient dog samples, dated to between 15 000 and 4000 years before present (cal.

Real-time PCR detection of Ochroconis lascauxensis involved in the formation of black stains in the Lascaux Cave, France.

A real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect and quantify Ochroconis lascauxensis in the Lascaux Cave in France. This fungus is the principal causal agent of the black stains threatening the Paleolithic paintings of this UNESCO World Heritage Site. The black stains outbreak could not be stopped in spite of using intensive biocide treatments.

Two new species of the genus Ochroconis, O. lascauxensis and O. anomala isolated from black stains in Lascaux Cave, France.

In the year 2001, some conspicuous black stains appeared on the walls of Lascaux Cave in France, which progressively disseminated throughout the cave. These black stains were so evident by 2007 that they have become one of the cave's major problems. In a mycological study of the black stains, Ochroconis strains were abundant among the isolates and constituted the major group of melanised fungi.

Use of biocides for the control of fungal outbreaks in subterranean environments: the case of the Lascaux Cave in France.

The Lascaux Cave in France suffered an outbreak of the fungus Fusarium solani in 2001. Biocides were applied for three years to control this outbreak. Four months after the initial biocide application, a new outbreak appeared in the form of black stains that progressively invaded the cave.

In situ dynamics and spatial heterogeneity of soil bacterial communities under different crop residue management.

The effect of the location of wheat residues (soil surface vs. incorporated in soil) on their decomposition and on soil bacterial communities was investigated by the means of a field experiment. Bacterial-automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis of DNA extracts from residues, detritusphere (soil adjacent to residues), and bulk soil evidenced that residues constitute the zone of maximal changes in bacterial composition.

Impact of biocide treatments on the bacterial communities of the Lascaux Cave.

The Lascaux Cave contains a remarkable set of paintings from the Upper Palaeolithic. Shortly after discovery in 1940, the cave was modified for public viewing and, in 2001, was invaded by a Fusarium solani species complex. Benzalkonium chloride was used from 2001 to 2004 to eliminate the fungal outbreak.

Bacteria and free-living amoeba in the Lascaux Cave.

The Lascaux Cave was discovered in 1940, and by 1960 it had received up to 1800 daily visitors. In 1963, the cave was closed and in 2001 it was invaded by a Fusarium solani species complex which was treated for four years with benzalkonium chloride. However, Lascaux Cave bacteria have only been poorly investigated.

Legume nodule senescence: roles for redox and hormone signalling in the orchestration of the natural aging process.

Research on legume nodule development has contributed greatly to our current understanding of plant-microbe interactions. However, the factors that orchestrate root nodule senescence have received relatively little attention. Accumulating evidence suggests that redox signals contribute to the establishment of symbiosis and senescence.