Pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship program in the treatment of bacteraemia in paediatric patients: a multivariate analysis.

Background: Care bundles are a recognised strategy to improve treatment. When managed through an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) based on the pharmacist-led program model, care bundles can be an effective tool to guide decision making in clinical practice and to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the results of a pharmacist-led ASP which included a care bundle based on clinical outcomes of bacteraemia (SAB) in a paediatric hospital.

High-risk clones of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from pediatric patients in Southern Brazil.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) exhibit high mortality rates in pediatric patients and usually belong to international high-risk clones. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and carbapenem resistance mechanisms of K. pneumoniae isolates recovered from pediatric patients, and correlate them with phenotypical data.

Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Different Amphotericin B Formulations in Invasive Fungal Infections: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Observational Study.

Purpose: Data on the real-life use of amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) compared with other available formulations are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of different amphotericin B (AMB) intravenously administered in the context of hospital practice for the treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFI) and to provide new insights into the profile of ABLC.

Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective, observational study conducted at 10 tertiary Brazilian hospitals.

Outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium ST1133 in paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia from southern Brazil.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) in paediatric patients from Hospital Pequeno Príncipe. The susceptibility profile was determined, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to analyse the genetic context of the strains.

Methods: Five VREfm isolates were recovered from sterile sites and surveillance cultures of two paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Amphotericin B in Pediatrics: Analysis by Age Stratification Suggests a Greater Chance of Adverse Events from 13 Months of Age Onwards.

Background And Objective: Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AMB-D) remains an antifungal agent with great therapeutic value in pediatric patients. The currrent consensus is that its use in neonates is safer than in older children. However, childhood presents different periods of development that deserve to be evaluated more precisely.

Fluconazole Doses Used for Prophylaxis of Invasive Fungal Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of different doses of fluconazole used for invasive prophylaxis of fungal infection in neonates.

Study Design: A systematic search was conducted with PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A manual search was performed as well.

Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery Score as a Risk Factor for Candidemia in Children Undergoing Congenital Heart Defect Surgery.

Background: Candida species are the primary cause of invasive fungal infection in hospitalized children. There are few data on risk factors for postoperative candidemia in pediatric patients with congenital heart defects. This study aimed to identify risk factors for candidemia in patients with congenital heart defects who underwent cardiac surgery.

Echinocandin resistance in two Candida haemulonii isolates from pediatric patients.

We report 3 cases of patients with Candida haemulonii isolates that were obtained from hemocultures. In 2 of the 3 cases, isolates exhibited resistance to echinocandins and fluconazole. This is the first report of an echinocandin-resistant species of this fungus in pediatric patients.