Bioelectrical Impedance Vectors Analysis of Sarcopenic Older Adults Submitted to a Resistance Training Program.

The objective of the present study is to analyze the changes in bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) in sarcopenic older people submitted to a 12-week resistance training (RT) program according to classic and specific analyses. To this end, 20 sarcopenic older adults of both sexes, invited through media, underwent bioimpedance analysis before and after the RT carried out three times a week, for 12 weeks. The mean impedance vectors of the groups established for the confidence ellipses (95% of the confidence ellipse) are compared using Hotelling's T test.

Central obesity is detrimental to anti-inflammatory, phenotype, and exhaustion markers in mononuclear cells - A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the role of central obesity on immunometabolic response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from normal weight and overweight/obese young men.

Methods: Eighteen individuals were classified as normal weight (NW; n = 9 - age: 25 ± 5 and BMI: 21.4 ± 1.

Orange juice containing Pediococcus acidilactici CE51 modulates the intestinal microbiota and reduces induced inflammation in a murine model of colitis.

The management of inflammatory bowel diseases has been widely investigated, especially ulcerative colitis. Thus, studies with the application of new probiotic products are needed in the prevention/treatment of these clinical conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of probiotic orange juice containing Pediococcus acidilactici CE51 in a murine model of colitis.

Exercise training induces alteration of clock genes and myokines expression in tumor-bearing mice.

To investigate the impact of different exercise training schedules (following a fixed schedule or at random times of the day) on clock genes and myokine expression patterns in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Mice were divided into three groups: tumor (LLC), tumor + exercise training (LLC + T) always performed at the same time of the day (ZT2) and exercise training at random times of the day (ZTAlt). Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with Lewis lung carcinoma cells.

Autophagy of naïve CD4 T cells in aging - the role of body adiposity and physical fitness.

Life expectancy has increased exponentially in the last century accompanied by disability, poor quality of life, and all-cause mortality in older age due to the high prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in older people. Biologically, the aging process reduces the cell's metabolic and functional efficiency, and disrupts the cell's anabolic and catabolic homeostasis, predisposing older people to many dysfunctional conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and diabetes. In the immune system, aging also alters cells' metabolic and functional efficiency, a process known as 'immunosenescence', where cells become more broadly inflammatory and their functionality is altered.

Exercise training-induced changes in immunometabolic markers in youth badminton athletes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic and inflammatory fluctuations in two seasonal phases of badminton training, and the ability of youth badminton athletes to respond to an inflammatory challenge given by acute exercise on these markers. Thirteen youth badminton athletes who participated in national and international competitions were recruited. Metabolic and cytokine profile were measured at rest and in response to a maximal exercise intermittent test, in the pre- and final phases of a badminton annual season.

Feeding Pattern, Circadian Rhythm, and Immune Function: What do we know about?

Feeding pattern is related to health status or chronic diseases, and this depends on the individual's eating habits. Feeding organized with the right time to start and end during the day, promotes an internal biological rhythm, favoring molecular synchronization of the clock genes, which impose an effect on metabolism and immune cells, creating a physiological response related to a healthy profile. On the other hand, a feeding pattern disorganized, without the right time to start and end eating during the day, might lead to nonsynchronization of the clock genes, a disruption condition, which is related to chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes type 2.

Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Older Adults After Exercise Training: An Exploratory Study.

To evaluate the impact of exercise training plasma on prostate cancer cell viability and proliferation. PC3 prostate cancer cells were incubated with plasma obtained from young men with high and low physical fitness (PF) (high PF, = 5; low PF, = 5) and with the plasma collected from institutionalized older adults ( = 8) before and after multimodal exercise training. Cell viability and proliferation, mitochondria membrane polarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis were evaluated after the cell treatment with plasma.

Short-Term High-Intensity Circuit Training Does Not Modify Resting Heart Rate Variability in Adults during the COVID-19 Confinement.

Background/objective: The quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic increased sedentary behavior, psychological stress, and sleep disturbances in the population favoring the installation of alterations in the cardiovascular system. In this sense, physical exercise has widely been suggested as an efficient treatment to improve health. The current study determined the impact of short-term high-intensity circuit training (HICT) on resting heart rate variability (HRV) in adults.

Unhealthy Dieting During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Opinion Regarding the Harmful Effects on Brain Health.

Since 2020, the world has been suffering from a pandemic that has affected thousands of people regardless of socio-economic conditions, forcing the population to adopt different strategies to prevent and control the advance of the disease, one of which is social distancing. Even though social distancing is a safe strategy to reduce the spread of COVID-19, it is also the cause of a rising sedentary behavior. This behavior develops an excess of fat tissue that leads to metabolic and inflammatory disruption related to chronic diseases and mental health disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and sleep issues.

Immunometabolism-fit: How exercise and training can modify T cell and macrophage metabolism in health and disease.

Background: The term immunometabolism describes cellular and molecular metabolic processes that control the immune system and the associated immune responses. Acute exercise and regular physical activity have a substantial influence on the metabolism and the immune system, so that both processes are closely associated and influence each other bidirectionally.

Scope Of Review: We limit the review here to focus on metabolic phenotypes and metabolic plasticity of T cells and macrophages to describe the complex role of acute exercise stress and regular physical activity on these cell types.

High-intensity intermittent exercise induces a potential anti-inflammatory response in healthy women across the menstrual cycle.

Aim: This observational study aimed to examine cytokine responses to high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle.

Methods: Fourteen healthy women (24 ± 2 years; body mass index [BMI]: 22.8 ± 1.

Inflammatory cytokines and metabolic responses to high-intensity intermittent training: effect of the exercise intensity.

To examine the effects of two high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) programs of varying intensities (100% vs. 110% of maximal aerobic velocity [MAV]) on metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory markers in young men. Thirty-seven active male volunteers were randomly assigned into: HIIT experimental groups (100% MAV [EG, n = 9] and 110% MAV [EG, n = 9]) and a control groups (CG, n = 9 and CG, n = 9).

Exercise as a Peripheral Circadian Clock Resynchronizer in Vascular and Skeletal Muscle Aging.

Aging is characterized by several progressive physiological changes, including changes in the circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms influence behavior, physiology, and metabolic processes in order to maintain homeostasis; they also influence the function of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells in the vessel wall. A clock misalignment could favor vascular damage and indirectly also affect skeletal muscle function.

Menstrual cycle impacts adipokine and lipoprotein responses to acute high-intensity intermittent exercise bout.

Due to hormonal fluctuation, the menstrual cycle impacts inflammatory response and lipid metabolism; moreover, the anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of exercise in this cycle, mainly high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE), need to be examined. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of menstrual cycle phases on adipokine and lipoprotein responses after acute HIIE sessions in healthy women. Fourteen women (age: 24 ± 2 years; BMI: 22.

Chronic capsiate supplementation increases fat-free mass and upper body strength but not the inflammatory response to resistance exercise in young untrained men: a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind study.

Background: Acute capsaicinoid and capsinoid supplementation has endurance and resistance exercise benefits; however, if these short-term performance benefits translate into chronic benefits when combined with resistance training is currently unknown. This study investigated changes of chronic Capsiate supplementation on muscular adaptations, inflammatory response and performance in untrained men.

Methods: Twenty untrained men were randomized to ingest 12 mg Capsiate (CAP) or placebo in a parallel, double-blind design.