Insertion torque, flexural strength and surface alterations of stainless steel and titanium alloy orthodontic mini-implants: an in vitro study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), flexural strength (FS) and surface alterations between stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy (Ti-MIs) orthodontic mini-implants.

Methods: Twenty-four MIs (2 x 10 mm; SS-MIs, n = 12; Ti-MIs, n = 12) were inserted on artificial bone blocks of 20 lb/ft3 (20 PCF) and 40 lb/ft3 (40 PCF) density. The maximum IT was recorded using a digital torque meter.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in RUNX2 and BMP2 contributes to different vertical facial profile.

The vertical facial profile is a crucial factor for facial harmony with significant implications for both aesthetic satisfaction and orthodontic treatment planning. However, the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of vertical facial proportions is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of some SNPs in genes associated with craniofacial bone development on the establishment of different vertical facial profiles.

Mandibular and dental measurements for sex determination using machine learning.

The present study tested the combination of mandibular and dental dimensions for sex determination using machine learning. Lateral cephalograms and dental casts were used to obtain mandibular and mesio-distal permanent teeth dimensions, respectively. Univariate statistics was used for variables selection for the supervised machine learning model (alpha = 0.

Microbial contamination profile on esthetic elastomeric ligatures through the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique : A randomized split-mouth study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the microbial contamination of three different brands of esthetic elastomeric ligatures.

Materials And Methods: Different brands of esthetic ligatures (Unistick Pearl [American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, WI, USA], Power Sticks Pearl [Ortho Technology, Tampa, FL, USA], and Ease [Obscure, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA]) were randomly assigned to permanent canines of 25 patients (aged 11-18 years) undergoing corrective orthodontic treatment. After 30 days, the ligatures were removed, processed, and the biofilm composition was analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization for 40 bacterial species.

Maxillary alveolar bone evaluation following dentoalveolar expansion with clear aligners in adults: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of maxillary orthodontic expansion on the alveolar bone tissue in adult patients treated with aligners by using cone-beam computed tomography.

Methods: Thirty patients (22 females and 8 males; mean age: 36.3 years) were treated with Invisalign aligners.

Discovery of a Novel Series of Potent SHP2 Allosteric Inhibitors.

Src homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is the first reported nonreceptor oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase connecting multiple signal transduction cascades and exerting immunoinhibitory function through the PD-1 checkpoint receptor. As part of a drug discovery program aimed at obtaining novel allosteric SHP2 inhibitors, a series of pyrazopyrazine derivatives bearing an original bicyclo[3.1.

Discovery and antiviral profile of new sulfamoylbenzamide derivatives as HBV capsid assembly modulators.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major worldwide public health problem and novel anti-HBV therapies preventing liver disease progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are urgently needed. Over the last several years, capsid assembly modulators (CAM) have emerged as clinically effective anti-HBV agents which can inhibit HBV replication in CHB patients. As part of a drug discovery program aimed at obtaining novel CAM endowed with high in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity, we identified a novel series of sulfamoylbenzamide (SBA) derivatives.

Identification and in vitro characterization of a new series of potent and highly selective G9a inhibitors as novel anti-fibroadipogenic agents.

A new series of in vitro potent and highly selective histone methyl transferase enzyme G9a inhibitors was obtained. In particular, compound 2a, one the most potent G9a inhibitor identified, was endowed with >130-fold selectivity over GLP and excellent ligand efficiency. Therefore, it may represent a valuable tool compound to validate the role of highly selective G9a inhibitors in different pathological conditions.

Effects of ionizing radiation and different resin composites on shear strength of ceramic brackets: an in vitro study.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is considered one of the most common types, and its treatment includes radiotherapy, which can trigger side effects and undesirable sequelae in the oral cavity and dental tissues.

Objective: This study aimed to make an in vitro evaluation of the shear strength and failure mode of ceramic orthodontic brackets bonded with two different composites in enamel submitted to ionizing radiation.

Methods: After the study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, 60 healthy human premolars were selected and divided into two groups, based on the absence or presence of ionizing irradiation of the enamel.

Alveolar defects before and after surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE): a CBCT assessment.

Introduction: Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SARPE) promote maxillary expansion in skeletally mature patients. This technique is effective; however, some side effects are still unknown.

Objectives: evaluate the presence of alveolar defects (dehiscences and fenestrations) in patients submitted to the SARPE.

In vitro study of structural and mechanical properties of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics.

Purpose: We evaluated bacterial endotoxin adhesion, superficial micromorphology and mechanical properties of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics.

Methods: To quantify the adhered bacterial endotoxin, elastics were divided into 5 groups: experimental (n = 12) latex and non-latex elastics, previously contaminated by an endotoxin solution, negative control (n = 6) latex and non-latex elastics without contamination, and positive control (n = 6) stainless steel specimens (metallic replicas), contaminated by an endotoxin solution. In parallel, the structural micromorphology (n = 6) and surface roughness of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics were assessed using confocal laser microscopy.

Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE): three-dimensional superimposition on cranial base.

Objectives: To evaluate dental and skeletal changes caused by surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) using the superimposition of three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images on the cranial base.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective quasi-experiment before-and-after study using a convenience sample. Twenty-four adult patients (13 male and 11 female) were evaluated before SARPE (T0), immediately after expansion (T1), and after 6 months of retention (T2).

The effect of whitening toothpastes on polyurethane and silicone orthodontic clear ligatures: A clinical study.

Background: This study aimed to verify the effects of bleaching toothpaste on colour stability, elastic properties, surface topography between aesthetic polyurethane and silicone elastomeric ligatures from different brands.

Methods: Elastomeric ligatures tested were: 1-Mini Single Case Ligature Stick (RMO-polyurethane); 2-Ligature "S" Shaped Dispenser (RMO-Silicone); 3-Sany-tie (GAC-translucent polyurethane); and 4-Sili-tie (GAC-translucent silicone). The ligatures were randomly assigned from the brackets of canines and lower incisors of 40 patients.

Streptococcus mutans adherence to conventional and self-ligating brackets: an in vitro study.

Introduction: Although self-ligating brackets presumably provide better hygiene conditions, no consensus has been reached so far.

Objective: Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate, in an in vitro experimental design, the adherence of Streptococcus mutans (SM) in self-ligating and conventional brackets of different manufacturers and ligature types.

Methods: Four commercial brands of maxillary premolar metal brackets were tested (Abzil®; Morelli®; 3M Unitek®; and GAC®).

Orthodontic mini-implants: clinical and peri-implant evaluation.

The study evaluated the clinical changes of orthodontic mini-implants (MI) inserted for the purpose of anchoring during orthodontic treatment. The null hypotheses were: 1-that there is no correlation between proximity of the MI to the root and peri-implantitis or mobility; 2-that peri-implantitis does not interfere with mobility; 3-that the pain is not related to mobility or peri-implantitis. Forty (40) patients were selected and the MI were evaluated for each patient.

CO2 laser irradiation for debonding ceramic orthodontic brackets.

This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser. The null hypothesis was that ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser would have similar SBS values. Ninety human premolars were divided into four experimental groups according to the combination of type of composite resin (Transbond XT and Z 250) and type of ceramic bracket (Fascination and Mystique), and two control groups (n=15).

Rapid Palatal Expansion and Utilization of E-space in Mixed Dentition: Mechanics that Helps in the Corrective Orthodontic Treatment.

Aim And Objective: The objective of this article was to report two clinical cases, showing the benefits of interceptive treatment using rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and the preservation of E-space.

Background: It is important to follow-up child throughout its development to detect irregularities in their occlusion and to avoid or attenuate orthodontic treatments in the future. Posterior crossbite and transverse maxillary deficiency can easily be corrected by RPE that enhances the width of the maxilla and promotes a gain of space in the arch.

Effectiveness of Invisalign aligners in the treatment of severe gingival recession: A case report.

In this report, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the Invisalign system in the treatment of severe gingival recession and bone dehiscence through torque, translation, and intrusion movements in a young woman. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to assess bone parameters and check the teeth during treatment. The root of the mandibular right central incisor, which was buccally positioned and exhibited bone dehiscence of 9.

Periodontal ligament repair after active splinting of replanted dogs' teeth.

Background/aim: The high rate of root resorption resulting from tooth replantation represents a serious clinical problem. In order to prevent ankylosis and replacement resorption, the contemporary literature highlights the importance of using a flexible stabilization for traumatized teeth. For this purpose, orthodontic devices may be promising for obtaining a better prognosis and periodontal repair.

Skeletal posterior crossbite in patient with mandibular asymmetry: an alternative solution.

Introduction: Skeletal posterior crossbite (SPCB) has a multifactorial etiology, as it may be caused by parafunctional habits, atypical position of the tongue, tooth losses and maxillary or mandibular transverse skeletal asymmetries. Skeletal involvement may lead to facial changes and an unfavorable aesthetic appearance. The treatment of SPCB diagnosed in an adult patient should be correctly approached after the identification of its etiologic factor.

Prdm16-mediated H3K9 methylation controls fibro-adipogenic progenitors identity during skeletal muscle repair.

H3K9 methylation maintains cell identity orchestrating stable silencing and anchoring of alternate fate genes within the heterochromatic compartment underneath the nuclear lamina (NL). However, how cell type-specific genomic regions are specifically targeted to the NL is still elusive. Using fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) as a model, we identified Prdm16 as a nuclear envelope protein that anchors H3K9-methylated chromatin in a cell-specific manner.

Effect of vomer position following surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of vomer position and prevalence of periodontal dehiscence in patients who underwent surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE). The null hypotheses were the following: (1) vomer position in the coronal plane does not influence the degree of skeletal and dental expansion; and (2) there is no association between expansion, periodontal dehiscence and vomer position.

Methods: Twenty-one patients were evaluated before treatment (T0) and immediately after SARPE expansion (T1).

Esthetic elastomeric ligatures: Quantification of bacterial endotoxin in vitro and in vivo.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo bacterial endotoxin (LPS) adhesion in polyurethane and silicone esthetic elastomeric orthodontic ligatures. The null hypotheses tested were: (1) there is no LPS adhesion in esthetic elastomeric orthodontic ligatures; and (2) there is no difference in the LPS adhesion between different brands of these ligatures.

Methods: For the in vitro study, 4 types of esthetic elastomeric ligatures were used (Sani-Ties and Sili-Ties [Dentsply GAC, Islandia, NY;] and Mini Single Case Ligature Stick and Synergy low-friction ligatures [Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colo]), contaminated or not with endotoxin solution.

GHR and IGF2R genes may contribute to normal variations in craniofacial dimensions: Insights from an admixed population.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) genes are associated with different craniofacial phenotypes.

Methods: A total of 596 orthodontic and 98 orthognathic patients from 4 cities in Brazil were included for analyses. Angular and linear cephalometric measurements were obtained, and phenotype characterizations were performed.