Natural history and morphology of immature stages of Tolype medialis (Jones, 1912) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae: Macromphaliinae).

Lasiocampidae belongs to superfamily Lasiocampoidea and contains more than a thousand species nearly distributed worldwide. Despite the great species richness and wide distribution, this group has internal phylogenetic relationships still little explored and with few studies on the morphology and biology of its immatures. This study describes the immature stages of the neotropical species Tolype medialis (Jones, 1912), focusing on the morphology and natural history.

Modal properties of fruit-rachilla system of the macaw palm.

The macaw palm has been domesticated due to its potential use in the production of biofuel, in addition to several co-products that can be generated from its oil and pulp. One of the current challenges in this area is the harvesting, as there are no specific machines for this operation. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the appropriate information regarding the physical properties of the plant, so that it is feasible to develop the technologies necessary for the commercial scale application of macaw palm, allowing it to contribute to the sustainable production of raw material for the biofuel industry and other co-products.

Saturniidae and Sphingidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) assemblage in Vossoroca, Tijucas do Sul, Paraná, Brazil.

The richness and abundance of the assemblage of species in a community are a way to understand the patterns of diversity found around the world. This study describes the assemblages of Saturniidae and Sphingidae in an area of Montana Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, Tijucas do Sul, Paraná, Brazil, 880m, 25º50'8.93"S, 49º 02'55.

Taxonomic notes on some species of Euselasia Hübner, [1819] from the "Uriiformes" group, with the description of the immature stages of Euselasia satyroides Lathy, 1926, stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Euselasiinae).

The specific status of Euselasia satyroides Lathy, 1926, stat. rev., currently recognized as a synonym of Eurygona modesta Hewitson, 1856, is reinstated, and its immature stages, reared on Pouteria salicifolia (Sapotaceae), are thoroughly described and illustrated.