Exploring the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities in different soybean-maize management systems.

Soybean-maize are cultivated in different management systems, such as no-tillage and pastures, which presents potential to add organic residues, and it can potentially impacts the soil microbial community present in these systems. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of different soybean-maize management practices on the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities. Specifically, 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to investigate whether the use of pasture species in a fallowing system influences microbial communities in a soybean-maize rotation system, as compared to conventional tillage and no-tillage systems.

Microbial communities in the rhizosphere of maize and cowpea respond differently to chromium contamination.

Chromium (Cr) contamination can affect microorganisms in the soil, but the response of the microbial community in the rhizosphere of plants grown in Cr-contaminated soils is poorly understood. Therefore, this study assessed the microbial community, by amplicon sequencing, in the rhizosphere of maize and cowpea growing in uncontaminated (∼6.0 mg kg Cr) and Cr-contaminated soils (∼250 mg kg Cr).

Dynamics of bacterial and archaeal communities along the composting of tannery sludge.

The process of composting has been proposed as a biological alternative to improve the quality of tannery sludge (TS) by the action of microbial communities. However, there is limited knowledge about the dynamic of these microbial communities during the composting process. This study assessed the responses of bacterial and archaeal communities during TS composting using the 16S rRNA sequencing.

Microbial co-occurrence network and its key microorganisms in soil with permanent application of composted tannery sludge.

Soil microbial communities act on important environmental processes, being sensitive to the application of wastes, mainly those potential contaminants, such as tannery sludge. Due to the microbiome complexity, graph-theoretical approaches have been applied to represent model microbial communities interactions and identify important taxa, mainly in contaminated soils. Herein, we performed network and statistical analyses into microbial 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from soil samples with the application of different levels of composted tannery sludge (CTS) to assess the most connected nodes and the nodes that act as bridges to identify key microbes within each community.

Long-term effect of composted tannery sludge on soil chemical and biological parameters.

Composting has been recommended as a suitable alternative for recycling wastes and could improve tannery sludge (TS) before its use. However, the long-term application of composted tannery sludge (CTS) may bring concerns about its effects on soil properties and, consequently, on plants and environment, mainly when considering Cr contamination. In this study, we summarize the responses of soil chemical and biological parameters in a 10-year study with yearly applications of CTS.

Responses of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity to herbicides imazethapyr and flumioxazin.

The use of herbicides is important for controlling weeds in crops. However, they can present impacts on soil properties, such as biological properties. In this study, we evaluated the responses of soil microbial biomass and enzymes activity to the application of the herbicides imazethapyr and flumioxazin and their mixture in an experiment under laboratory conditions, using soils with a different history of use.

Protist species richness and soil microbiome complexity increase towards climax vegetation in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Biodiversity underlies ecosystem functioning. While aboveground biodiversity is often well studied, the belowground microbiome, in particular protists, remains largely unknown. Indeed, holistic insights into soil microbiome structures in natural soils, especially in hyperdiverse biomes such as the Brazilian Cerrado, remain unexplored.

Less abundant bacterial groups are more affected than the most abundant groups in composted tannery sludge-treated soil.

The application of composted tannery sludge (CTS) has promoted shifts in soil chemical properties and, therefore, can affect the soil bacterial community. This study assessed the effect of the CTS on the soil bacterial community over time. The CTS was applied at five rates (0, 2.

Etonogestrel implant in adolescents: evaluation of clinical aspects.

Background: This prospective noncomparative observational study evaluated the clinical aspects of adolescents who received an etonogestrel implant within 6 months of delivery.

Study Design: The study population comprised 44 adolescents managed at the Family Planning Sector of São Paulo Federal University. The implant was inserted, on average, 102 days after delivery and patients were followed during 1 year.

Evaluation of quality of life and sexual satisfaction in women suffering from chronic pelvic pain with or without endometriosis.

Introduction: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is one of the most frequent symptoms in women of reproductive age. This is an enigmatic clinical condition that results from the complex interactions of physiological and psychological factors with direct impact on the social, marital, and professional lives of women.

Aim: To evaluate the quality of life and sexual satisfaction of women who suffer from CPP with or without endometriosis.

Etonogestrel implant in postpartum adolescents: bleeding pattern, efficacy and discontinuation rate.

Background: The increasing rate of teenage pregnancies is a challenge to health professionals. New contraceptive methods have been developed to try to improve adherence in this group of patients. The study was conducted to evaluate the bleeding pattern, efficacy and discontinuation rate of etonogestrel implant (68 mg) inserted in postpartum adolescents.

Extended regimens of the contraceptive vaginal ring: evaluation of clinical aspects.

Background: Oral contraceptives used for extended periods of time have been extensively studied because of their potential benefits; however, there have been few publications on extended regimens of vaginal contraceptive rings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical symptoms, body weight and blood pressure changes in women using the vaginal ring continuously over a 1-year period.

Study Design: This prospective cohort evaluated clinical aspects (dysmenorrhea, headache, breast tenderness, leg pain and irritability), body weight and blood pressure changes in 75 women (18-37 years of age) using a vaginal ring releasing 120 mcg of etonogestrel and 15 mcg of ethinyl estradiol daily, over a continuous period of 84 days, followed by a 7-day ring-free interval, during 1 year.

Extended regimens of the vaginal contraceptive ring: cycle control.

Background: Oral contraceptives used for extended periods of time have been extensively studied because of their potential benefits; however, there have been few publications on extended regimen of vaginal rings. The aim of this study was to compare the bleeding patterns of women using extended regimens of the vaginal ring or oral contraceptives.

Study Design: Prospective cohort involving 150 women: 75 used vaginal rings that release 120 mcg of etonogestrel and 15 mcg of ethinyl estradiol daily, and 75 took oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol 0.

The T 380A intrauterine device: a retrospective 5-year evaluation.

Background: The undue resistance to intrauterine device (IUD) use seen in several settings does not seem to occur in the Family Planning Unit of UNIFESP-EPM (São Paulo Federal University, Brazil). In fact, the Copper T 380A IUD in this clinic has reached an outstanding importance and this motivated us to present our differing experience. The prevalence of this method in this clinic is as high as 40%.

Monthly injectable contraceptive use by adolescents in Brazil: evaluation of clinical aspects.

Purpose: This prospective noncomparative observational study evaluated the clinical symptoms, body weight and blood pressure of 38 adolescents receiving a monthly injectable contraceptive containing estradiol valerate 5 mg and norethisterone 50 mg.

Methods: The volunteers, aged 16-19 years, were examined monthly during 1 year and asked about the following symptoms at baseline: dysmenorrhea, headache, breast tenderness, leg pain and irritability.

Results: There was a constant and gradual decline in each of the above symptoms over time, and there was a statistically significant difference between symptoms reported at the first visit and subsequent appointments.

Bleeding patterns of women using extended regimens of the contraceptive vaginal ring.

Introduction: This prospective observational study evaluated the bleeding patterns of women using a vaginal ring releasing 120 microg of etonogestrel and 15 microg of ethinyl estradiol daily, over a continuous period of 84 days followed by 7 ring-free days.

Methods: The study enrolled 75 volunteers aged 18 to 37 years. Sixty-two (82.

Bleeding patterns of adolescents using a combination contraceptive injection for 1 year.

Purpose: This prospective observational study evaluated the bleeding patterns of adolescents receiving a monthly injectable contraceptive containing norethisterone enanthate 50 mg plus estradiol valerate 5 mg.

Materials And Methods: The study enrolled 73 volunteers aged between 14 and 19 years; of these patients, 38 (52%) recorded their menstrual cycles during 1 year.

Results: After 1 year of using the contraceptive, most of the 38 women (71.

Evaluation of lipid profile in adolescents during long-term use of combined oral hormonal contraceptives.

The study evaluated the effects of the long-term use of a combined oral hormonal contraceptive containing 30 microg ethinyl estradiol and 75 microg gestodene in adolescents. Thirty-three volunteers, aged from 14 to 19 years, who used the oral contraceptive for three consecutive years, were studied. Evaluation of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides was made before use and after 1, 2 and 3 years.