sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bioemulsifier producer isolated from King George Island, Antarctica.

A Gram-stain-positive rod, psychrotolerant, aerobic and bioemulsifier-producing strain, denoted as Val9, was isolated from soil sampled at Vale Ulman, King George Island, Antarctica. The strain grew at up to 30 °C (optimum, 15 °C), at pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 8) and with up to 5 % w/v NaCl (optimum, 3 %). The strain was motile and positive for catalase, oxidase and HS.

First Identification of bla Producing Escherichia coli ST 9499 Isolated from Musca domestica in the Urban Center of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The present study presents phenotypic and molecular characterization of a multidrug-resistant strain of Escherichia coli (Lemef26), belonging to sequence type ST9499 carrying a bla carbapenem resistance gene. The bacterium was isolated from a specimen of Musca domestica, collected in proximity to a hospital in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. The strain was identified as E.

Molecular characterization of IPAC21, a bioemulsifier producer isolated from Antarctic soil.

IPAC21, an endospore-forming and bioemulsifier-producing strain, was isolated from King George Island, Antarctica. As psychrotolerant/psychrophilic bacteria can be considered promising sources for novel products such as bioactive compounds and other industrially relevant substances/compounds, the IPAC21 genome was sequenced using Illumina Hi-seq, and a search for genes related to the production of bioemulsifiers and other metabolic pathways was performed. The IPAC21 strain has a genome of 5,505,124 bp and a G + C content of 40.

A thermophilic chemolithoautotrophic bacterial consortium suggests a mutual relationship between bacteria in extreme oligotrophic environments.

A thermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic, and aerobic microbial consortium (termed carbonitroflex) growing in a nutrient-poor medium and an atmosphere containing N, O, CO, and CO is investigated as a model to expand our understanding of extreme biological systems. Here we show that the consortium is dominated by Carbonactinospora thermoautotrophica (strain StC), followed by Sphaerobacter thermophilus, Chelatococcus spp., and Geobacillus spp.

Differences in Charge Distribution in Leishmanolysin Result in a Reduced Enzymatic Activity.

is a non-pathogenic trypanosomatid isolated from lizards widely used for heterologous protein expression and extensively studied to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of leishmaniasis. The repertoire of leishmanolysin genes was reported to be expanded in genome, but no proteolytic activity was detected. Here, we analyzed leishmanolysin proteins from the genome to the structural levels and evaluated the enzymatic activity of the wild-type and overexpressing mutants of leishmanolysin.

Metagenomic analysis of microbial communities across a transect from low to highly hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in King George Island, Maritime Antarctica.

Soil samples from a transect from low to highly hydrocarbon-contaminated soils were collected around the Brazilian Antarctic Station Comandante Ferraz (EACF), located at King George Island, Antarctica. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes, 16S rRNA gene (iTag), and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were used to characterize microbial community structure and the potential for petroleum degradation by indigenous microbes. Hydrocarbon contamination did not affect bacterial abundance in EACF soils (bacterial 16S rRNA gene qPCR).

Proposal of Carbonactinosporaceae fam. nov. within the class Actinomycetia. Reclassification of Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus as Carbonactinospora thermoautotrophica gen. nov., comb. nov.

Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus UBT1 has been suggested to merit generic status due to its phylogenetic placement and distinctive phenotypes among Actinomycetia. To evaluate whether 'S. thermoautotrophicus' represents a higher taxonomic rank, 'S.

Genetics and regulation of nitrogen fixation in Paenibacillus brasilensis PB24.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), performed by diazotrophic prokaryotes, is responsible for reducing dinitrogen (N) present in the biosphere into biologically available forms of nitrogen. Paenibacillus brasilensis PB24 is a diazotrophic Gram-positive bacterium and is considered ecologically and industrially important because it is able to produce antimicrobial substances and 2,3-butanediol. However, the genetics and regulation of its nitrogen fixing (nif) genes have never been assessed so far.

Trypanocidal Activity, Genomic Analysis of Isolates, and Transcription of Type VI Secretion System of Belonging to the Microbiota of Digestive Tract.

is a bacterium with the ability to colonize several niches, including some eukaryotic hosts. have been recently found in the gut of hematophagous insects that act as parasite vectors, such as , and . While some strains have been reported as symbiotic or pathogenic to other insects, the role of populations from the gut microbiota of , a vector of Chagas' disease, remains unknown.

Systematic Identification and Classification of β-Lactamases Based on Sequence Similarity Criteria: β-Lactamase Annotation.

β-lactamases, the enzymes responsible for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, are widespread among prokaryotic genera. However, current β-lactamase classification schemes do not represent their present diversity. Here, we propose a workflow to identify and classify β-lactamases.

2,3-Butanediol production by the non-pathogenic bacterium Paenibacillus brasilensis.

2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is of considerable importance in the chemical, plastic, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. The main bacterial species producing this compound are considered pathogenic, hindering large-scale productivity. The species Paenibacillus brasilensis is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and is phylogenetically similar to P.

A Metagenomic Analysis of Bacterial Microbiota in the Digestive Tract of Triatomines.

The digestive tract of triatomines (DTT) is an ecological niche favored by microbiota whose enzymatic profile is adapted to the specific substrate availability in this medium. This report describes the molecular enzymatic properties that promote bacterial prominence in the DTT. The microbiota composition was assessed previously based on 16S ribosomal DNA, and whole sequenced genomes of bacteria from the same genera were used to calculate the GC level of rare and prominent bacterial species in the DTT.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain LEMMJ01, Isolated from Antarctic Ornithogenic Soil.

We report here the 3,637,012-bp draft genome sequence of sp. strain LEMMJ01, isolated from ornithogenic soil from King George Island, Antarctica. The total number of genes presented in the draft genome sequence was 3,553, and the total number of coding sequences was 3,497.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. LEMMY01, a Thermophilic Bacterium Isolated from the Site of a Burning Grass Pile.

We report here the 3,586,065-bp draft genome of sp. LEMMY01, which was isolated (axenic culture) from a thermophilic chemolitoautotrophic consortium obtained from the site of a burning grass pile. The genome contains biosynthetic gene clusters coding for secondary metabolites, such as terpene and lantipeptide, confirming the biotechnological potential of this strain.

Characterization of the microbiota in the guts of Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma pseudomaculata infected by Trypanosoma cruzi in natural conditions using culture independent methods.

Background: Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted by triatomine vectors. The northeastern region of Brazil is endemic for Chagas disease and has the largest diversity of triatomine species. T.

Identification of proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae by reverse vaccinology and genetic diversity of these proteins in clinical isolates.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Virulence-associated proteins common and conserved among all capsular types now represent the best strategy to combat pneumococcal infections. Our aim was to identify conserved targets in pneumococci that showed positive prediction for lipoprotein and extracellular subcellular location using bioinformatics programs and verify the distribution and the degree of conservation of these targets in pneumococci.

Antimicrobial activity of Paenibacillus kribbensis POC 115 against the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum.

In a search for an antifungal substance with activity against the dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton rubrum, strain POC 115 was chosen among different Paenibacillus strains for its phenotypic and genetic characterization and for preliminary characterization of its antimicrobial substance. Strain POC 115 was identified as belonging to Paenibacillus kribbensis. Physico-chemical characterization of the antimicrobial substance showed that it was not stable during heat and organic solvents treatments, but its activity was preserved at a wide range of pH and after treatment with pronase E, trypsin and DNase I.

Cultivation-independent methods reveal differences among bacterial gut microbiota in triatomine vectors of Chagas disease.

Background: Chagas disease is a trypanosomiasis whose agent is the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to humans by hematophagous bugs known as triatomines. Even though insecticide treatments allow effective control of these bugs in most Latin American countries where Chagas disease is endemic, the disease still affects a large proportion of the population of South America. The features of the disease in humans have been extensively studied, and the genome of the parasite has been sequenced, but no effective drug is yet available to treat Chagas disease.

Bacterial and fungal communities in bulk soil and rhizospheres of aluminum-tolerant and aluminum-sensitive maize (Zea mays L.) lines cultivated in unlimed and limed Cerrado soil.

Liming of acidic soils can prevent aluminum toxicity and improve crop production. Some maize lines show aluminum (Al) tolerance, and exudation of organic acids by roots has been considered to represent an important mechanism involved in the tolerance. However, there is no information about the impact of liming on the structures of bacterial and fungal communities in Cerrado soil, nor if there are differences between the microbial communities from the rhizospheres of Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive maize lines.

Auxin production and detection of the gene coding for the Auxin Efflux Carrier (AEC) protein in Paenibacillus polymyxa.

Different species of Paenibacillus are considered to be plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) due to their ability to repress soil borne pathogens, fix atmospheric nitrogen, induce plant resistance to diseases and/or produce plant growth-regulating substances such as auxins. Although it is known that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the primary naturally occurring auxin excreted by Paenibacillus species, its transport mechanisms (auxin efflux carriers) have not yet been characterized. In this study, the auxin production of P.

Cyclodextrin production and genetic characterization of cyclodextrin glucanotranferase of Paenibacillus graminis.

Paenibacillus graminis strains were described recently as cyclodextrin (CD) producers. Cyclodextrins are produced by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) which has not been characterized in P. graminis.