Method validation and determination of pesticides in Mikania glomerta Spreng tincture by direct injection and UPLC-MS/MS analysis.

Over the past two decades, concerns have arisen about the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants, highlighting good agricultural practices and quality control. This study aimed to validate a multi-residue analysis method for detecting 268 pesticides in Mikania glomerata tincture, using direct injection and UPLC-MS/MS, per SANTE guidelines. The validation of the method involved evaluating the linearity of analytical curves in terms of the determination coefficient r2 and residuals (%), as well as the limits of quantification (LOQ), matrix effects, precision (expressed as the coefficient of variation, CV), and accuracy (determined as the recovery percentage).

Development and validation of LC-MS/MS methods for the simultaneous quantification of sofosbuvir and its major metabolite (GS-331007) in blood plasma and cerebrospinal and seminal fluid: Application to a pilot clinical trial with a focus on Zika.

Zika still poses a threat to global health owing to its association with serious neurological conditions and the absence of a vaccine and treatment. Sofosbuvir, an anti-hepatitis C drug, has shown anti-Zika effects in animal and cell models. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate novel LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of sofosbuvir and its major metabolite (GS-331007) in human plasma and cerebrospinal (CSF) and seminal fluid (SF), and apply the methods to a pilot clinical trial.

Protective effect of methyl gallate on murine antigen-induced arthritis by inhibiting inflammatory process and bone erosion.

Methyl gallate (MG) is a plant-derived phenolic compound known to present remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in different experimental models, such as paw oedema, pleurisy, zymosan-induced arthritis and colitis. Herein we investigated the effect of MG in the mice model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA), a model with complex inflammatory response, driven primally by immune process and that cause bone and cartilage erosion similarly found in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of albumin methylated from bovine serum (mBSA) in C57BL/6 male mice previously immunized.

In Vivo and In Vitro Taste Assessment of Artesunate-Mefloquine, Praziquantel, and Benznidazole Drugs for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Pediatric Patients.

The assessment of drug taste is crucial for pediatric treatments so that formulations can be developed to enhance their effectiveness. In this study, in vivo and in vitro methods were applied to evaluate the taste of tablets of three drugs administered to children without taste-masking excipients to treat tropical diseases, namely artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ), praziquantel (PZQ), and benznidazole (BNZ). In the first method, a model of rat palatability was adapted with recirculation to ensure sample dispersion, and the data were analyzed using ANOVA (single factor, 95%).

Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Chemical Analysis of Different Fractions from Inflorescence.

Meyen (Compositae) is a species native to South America (Brazil) popularly known as arnica. In Brazilian popular medicine, inflorescences and rhizomes of this plant have been used since the end of the 19th century to replace the exogenous and hepatotoxic L. in the treatment of edema and inflammatory pathologies.

Direct Powder Extrusion 3D Printing of Praziquantel to Overcome Neglected Disease Formulation Challenges in Paediatric Populations.

For the last 40 years, praziquantel has been the standard treatment for schistosomiasis, a neglected parasitic disease affecting more than 250 million people worldwide. However, there is no suitable paediatric formulation on the market, leading to off-label use and the splitting of commercial tablets for adults. In this study, we use a recently available technology, direct powder extrusion (DPE) three-dimensional printing (3DP), to prepare paediatric Printlets™ (3D printed tablets) of amorphous solid dispersions of praziquantel with Kollidon VA 64 and surfactants (Span™ 20 or Kolliphor SLS).

Pharmacological profiling of JME-173, a novel mexiletine derivative combining dual anti-inflammatory/anti-spasmodic functions and limited action in Na channels.

Existing evidence suggests that the local anaesthetic mexiletine can be beneficial for patients with asthma. However, caution is required since anaesthesia of the airways inhibits protective bronchodilator neuronal reflexes, limiting applications in conditions of hyperirritable airways. Here, we describe the synthesis of a new series of mexiletine analogues, which were screened for reduced activity in Na channels and improved smooth muscle relaxant effects, that were evaluated using the patch-clamp technique and an isolated tracheal organ bath, respectively.

Exposure to the UV Filter Octyl Methoxy Cinnamate in the Postnatal Period Induces Thyroid Dysregulation and Perturbs the Immune System of Mice.

Evidence demonstrates the bidirectional communication and regulation between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. Thyroid hormones play key roles in nervous system development and can exert influence on various immune cells contributing to pathophysiological conditions. Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) is one of the most commonly used UV filters, and and studies have found thyroid disrupting effects.

Traditional detoxification of Jatropha curcas L. seeds.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jatropha curcas L. is a plant with high cultural significance for quilombola communities of Oriximiná (Pará State, Brazil). Although the plant is highly toxic, its seeds are used in these communities to treat tuberculosis and related diseases and symptoms.

Protective effect of Myrsine parvifolia plant extract against the inflammatory process induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom.

Accidents involving snakes from the genus Bothrops sp. constitute the most important cause of snake envenomation in Brazil. The Myrsine genus has been reported to be used in folk medicine against snakebites.

Post-marketing surveillance of generic amoxicillin using a microbiological assay and pharmacokinetic approach in rats.

Generic medicines were developed to increase population access to health treatment, to reduce costs and to allow drugs with the same outcomes to be purchased at lower prices. They are therapeutically equivalent to their brand-name counterparts and are interchangeable with them. However, the acceptance of generic medicines by physicians and general consumers is often affected by distrust related to quality and efficacy.

Inhibition of advanced glycation end products by aminoguanidine restores mast cell numbers and reactivity in alloxan-diabetic rats.

Mast cell number and reactivity have been shown to be down-regulated under diabetic conditions. This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of the advanced glycation end products in the reduction of mast cell number and reactivity in diabetic rats. The effect of aminoguanidine on mast cell apoptosis was also evaluated.

Chemical profile and antinociceptive efficacy of Rheedia longifolia leaf extract.

Different species of the family Clusiaceae, including Rheedia longifolia, are used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. This family is largely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Brazil, but their chemical and pharmacological properties have been the subject of a few studies. In previous studies, we found that the aqueous extract from R.

Antinociceptive activity of aqueous extract of Bowdichia virgilioides in mice.

Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Family Fabaceae) is a plant that is distributed widely in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In the northeast region of Brazil, where B. virgilioides is called "sucupira-preta," the stem bark is used in folk medicine to treatment of inflammatory and painful diseases.

Integrin alphaDbeta2 is dynamically expressed by inflamed macrophages and alters the natural history of lethal systemic infections.

The leukocyte integrins have critical roles in host defense and inflammatory tissue injury. We found that integrin alphaDbeta2, a novel but largely uncharacterized member of this family, is restricted to subsets of macrophages and a small population of circulating leukocytes in wild-type mice in the absence of inflammatory challenge and is expressed in regulated fashion during cytokine-induced macrophage differentiation in vitro. alphaDbeta2 is highly displayed on splenic red pulp macrophages and mediates their adhesion to local targets, identifying key functional activity.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Rheedia longifolia Planch & Triana.

Rheedia longifolia Planch et Triana belongs to the Clusiaceae family. This plant is widely distributed in Brazil, but its chemical and pharmacological properties have not yet been studied. We report here that leaves aqueous extract of R.

Anti-allergic properties of the bromeliaceae Nidularium procerum: inhibition of eosinophil activation and influx.

New therapeutic approaches for the treatment of allergic diseases can be aided by the development of agents capable of regulating eosinophilic leukocytes. Here, we evaluated the anti-allergic properties of a crude extract of the Brazilian bromeliaceae Nidularium procerum, focusing on its effects on allergic eosinophilia. By studying allergic pleurisy in actively sensitized C57Bl/6 mice, we observed that pretreatment with N.

Influence of murine Toxocara canis infection on plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophil numbers and its correlation with cytokine levels.

Toxocara canis is a nematode of the Ascaridae family that normally parasites the small intestine of canid species. Humans are accidentally infected upon ingestion of embryonated eggs, and can manifest several clinical alterations such as fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, respiratory symptoms, muscle pain and anorexia. In the present work, we investigated the kinetics of tissue distribution of L2 larva in lungs, liver, kidney, brain, skeletal muscle and myocardium.

Anti-inflammatory activity in the aqueous crude extract of the leaves of Nidularium procerum: A bromeliaceae from the Brazilian coastal rain forest.

Nidularium procerum LINDMAN, a common bromeliaceae from the Brazilian flora, remains poorly studied regarding its chemical and pharmacological properties. We have recently published that N. procerum has potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.