Brief history of biofertilizers in Brazil: from conventional approaches to new biotechnological solutions.

Brazil has a long history of research with rhizobia and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Currently, the use of bio-based products in Brazil, containing microorganisms that are effective in promoting plant growth through various mechanisms, is already a consolidated reality for the cultivation of several crops of agricultural interest. This is due to the excellent results obtained over many years of research, which contributed to reinforce the use of rhizobia and PGPR by farmers.

Enzyme activities in a sandy soil of Western Bahia under cotton production systems: short-term effects, temporal variability, and the FERTBIO sample concept.

Enzyme activities (EAs) and the FERTBIO sample concept have been increasingly adopted as a novel approach to estimate the soil quality in Brazil. However, the performance of this strategy in sandy soils of the Cerrado biome remains unclear. During 2 years, in a Cerrado's sandy soil, the short-term effects of ten different cropping systems (conventional tillage or no-tillage associated with monoculture, rotations, and/or successions) on the activities of β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase were studied.

Beneficial Plant-Associated Microorganisms From Semiarid Regions and Seasonally Dry Environments: A Review.

Semiarid regions are apparently low biodiversity environments; however, these environments may host a phylogenetically diverse microbial community associated with plants. Their microbial inhabitants are often recruited to withstand stressful settings and improve plant growth under harsh conditions. Thus, plant-associated microorganisms isolated from semiarid and seasonally dry environments will be detailed in the present review, focusing on plant growth promotion potential and the microbial ability to alleviate plant abiotic stress.

Paraburkholderia youngii sp. nov. and 'Paraburkholderia atlantica' - Brazilian and Mexican Mimosa-associated rhizobia that were previously known as Paraburkholderia tuberum sv. mimosae.

Previous studies have recognized South and Central/Latin American mimosoid legumes in the genera Mimosa, Piptadenia and Calliandra as hosts for various nodulating Paraburkholderia species. Several of these species have been validly named in the last two decades, e.g.

Correction to: Identification of soybean Bradyrhizobium strains used in commercial inoculants in Brazil by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The presentation of Fig. 1was incorrect.

Identification of soybean Bradyrhizobium strains used in commercial inoculants in Brazil by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) with the soybean crop probably represents the major sustainable technology worldwide, saving billions of dollars in N fertilizers and decreasing water pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases. Accordingly, the identification of strains occupying nodules under field conditions represents a critical step in studies that are aimed at guaranteeing increased BNF contribution. Current methods of identification are mostly based on serology, or on DNA profiles.

Whole Genome Analyses Suggests that sensu lato Contains Two Additional Novel Genera ( gen. nov., and gen. nov.): Implications for the Evolution of Diazotrophy and Nodulation in the .

sensu lato is a large and complex group, containing pathogenic, phytopathogenic, symbiotic and non-symbiotic strains from a very wide range of environmental (soil, water, plants, fungi) and clinical (animal, human) habitats. Its taxonomy has been evaluated several times through the analysis of 16S rRNA sequences, concantenated 4⁻7 housekeeping gene sequences, and lately by genome sequences. Currently, the division of this group into , , and is strongly supported by genome analysis.

Draft Genome Sequence of Strain 1.38, a Bacterium Isolated from the Rhizosphere of var. Puntal That Shows Biotechnological Potential as an Inoculant.

1.38 is a strain isolated from the rhizosphere of irrigated rice in southern Spain. Its genome was estimated at 4,869,281 bp, with 4,644 coding sequences (CDSs).

Rhizobium altiplani sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules on Mimosa pudica growing in untypically alkaline soil in central Brazil.

Root nodule bacteria were isolated from nodules on Mimosa pudica L. growing in neutral-alkaline soils from the Distrito Federal in central Brazil. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of 10 strains placed them into the genus Rhizobium with the closest neighbouring species (each with 99 % similarity) being Rhizobium grahamii, Rhizobium cauense, Rhizobium mesoamericanum and Rhizobium tibeticum.

Paraburkholderia nodosa is the main N2-fixing species trapped by promiscuous common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Brazilian 'Cerradão'.

The bacterial genus Burkholderia comprises species occupying several habitats, including a group of symbionts of leguminous plants-also called beta-rhizobia-that has been recently ascribed to the new genus Paraburkholderia We used common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants to trap rhizobia from an undisturbed soil of the Brazilian Cerrado under the vegetation type 'Cerradão'. Genetic characterization started with the analyses of 181 isolates by BOX-PCR, where the majority revealed unique profiles, indicating high inter- and intra-species diversity.

Microbiological functioning, diversity, and structure of bacterial communities in ultramafic soils from a tropical savanna.

Ultramafic soils are characterized by high levels of metals, and have been studied because of their geochemistry and its relation to their biological component. This study evaluated soil microbiological functioning (SMF), richness, diversity, and structure of bacterial communities from two ultramafic soils and from a non-ultramafic soil in the Brazilian Cerrado, a tropical savanna. SMF was represented according to simultaneous analysis of microbial biomass C (MBC) and activities of the enzymes β-glucosidase, acid phosphomonoesterase and arylsulfatase, linked to the C, P and S cycles.

Burkholderia diazotrophica sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Mimosa spp.

Five strains, JPY461(T), JPY359, JPY389, DPU-3 and STM4206 were isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Mimosa spp. and their taxonomic positions were investigated using a polyphasic approach. All five strains grew at 15-40 °C (optimum, 30-37 °C), at pH 4.

Burkholderia species are ancient symbionts of legumes.

Burkholderia has only recently been recognized as a potential nitrogen-fixing symbiont of legumes, but we find that the origins of symbiosis in Burkholderia are much deeper than previously suspected. We sampled 143 symbionts from 47 native species of Mimosa across 1800 km in central Brazil and found that 98% were Burkholderia. Gene sequences defined seven distinct and divergent species complexes within the genus Burkholderia.