Mediastinal ganglioneuroma with osseous invasion simulating malignant transformation of osteochondroma on CT imaging.

Ganglioneuromas (GN) are rare, mature tumors that arise in the posterior mediastinum or retroperitoneum from neural crest cells and present as slow growing masses in the pediatric population. While they are often found incidentally in unrelated diagnostic workup, they can become symptomatic due to their size and location. They typically demonstrate the nonspecific appearance of a solid mass without invasive or destructive features across different modalities.