"Direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on operational conduct of pediatric vaccine clinical trials".

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as the resulting public health measures, impacted many aspects of society. The conduct of important pediatric vaccine trials was among these. Analyzing data from six ongoing non-COVID-19 pediatric vaccine trials we aimed to assess the operational impact of the COVID-19 pandemic using descriptive analyses.

Assessing subjective criticality of take-over situations: Validation of two rating scales.

Assessing subjective criticality of take-over situations is crucial for understanding of take-over behavior and comparing studies. However, no validated rating scales exist that assess subjective criticality of take-over situations. In a driving simulator study, two rating scales, the Scale of Criticality Assessment of driving situations from Neukum et al.

What happens when drivers of automated vehicles take over control in critical brake situations?

Even with automated vehicles, driving situations with short time headways and extreme vehicle dynamics may arise when unpredictable events occur. If drivers take back control under such conditions, it is uncertain how they behave and how well they can cope with the situation. This issue has not been investigated yet and is subject to our study.

Behavioral Changes to Repeated Takeovers in Highly Automated Driving: Effects of the Takeover-Request Design and the Nondriving-Related Task Modality.

Objective: We investigated drivers' behavior and subjective experience when repeatedly taking over their vehicles' control depending on the design of the takeover request (TOR) and the modality of the nondriving-related task (NDRT).

Background: Previous research has shown that taking over vehicle control after highly automated driving provides several problems for drivers. There is evidence that the TOR design and the NDRT modality may influence takeover behavior and that driver behavior changes with more experience.