Computed Tomographic Characteristics of Normal Lungs in Blue and Yellow Macaws ().

Respiratory disease is common in psittacine birds; thus, having evidence-based methods to evaluate clinical cases is important for confirming a diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to describe the computed tomographic characteristics of the normal lung parenchyma of wild blue and yellow macaws (), including measuring lung volume and normal radiographic attenuation of the lung parenchyma. Ten blue and yellow macaws from a wildlife center were used for this study.

Effects of decellularization on glycosaminoglycans and collagen macromolecules in bovine bone extracellular matrix.

Bovine bones were decellularized to obtain extracellular matrices with potential use for Tissue Bioengineering. The objective of the present study was to develop a decellularization protocol for bovine trabecular bone while maintaining the integrity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The protocol proved to be effective in significantly reducing the Amount of genetic material and cellular content, and it was considered innovative, being filed as a patent.

Levels of substitution of inorganic mineral to amino acids complexed minerals on old laying hens.

This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the impact of replacing inorganic mineral sources (IM) with amino acid complexed minerals (AACM) in laying hens' diets on performance, egg quality, bone, and intestinal health. The effects of 4 different diets with varying levels of AACM substitution were evaluated on 400 Lohmann White hens aged 78-98 weeks. The control diet contained only IM sources at levels of 60, 60, 7, 40, 0.

Evaluating the effect of optimal zinc amino-acid complex supplementation in laying pullets on performance and zinc retention.

This study investigated the optimal dietary intake of zinc amino acid complex (Zn-AAC) for white-layer pullets, focusing on their productive performance, biochemical profile, organ biometry, and body zinc retention. The study involved 360 Dekalb White pullets (average weight: 433 ± 4.42 g) aged from 6 to 16 weeks and distributed into 6 treatments with 6 replications each.

Correction: Medeiros-Ventura et al. The Impact of Phytase and Different Levels of Supplemental Amino Acid Complexed Minerals in Diets of Older Laying Hens. 2023, , 3709.

To allow the original publication to be better understood [...

Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals: Impact on the performance of old laying hens.

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals (Zn, Mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals (ZMCAA) and bis-glycinate chelated minerals (ZMCGly) in laying hen diets on performance, internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone characteristics. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement using either Zn, Mn, and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly source at 2 levels: low (20, 20, and 3.

The Impact of Phytase and Different Levels of Supplemental Amino Acid Complexed Minerals in Diets of Older Laying Hens.

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different sources and levels of supplemental amino acid-complexed minerals (AACM), with and without enzyme phytase (EZ). A total of 512 Dekalb White laying hens at 67 weeks of age were used in a 2 × 3 + 2 factorial arrangement of 8 treatments and 8 replications each. The main effects included EZ supplementation (600 FTU kg) and AACM inclusion level (100%, 70%, and 40% of inorganic mineral recommendations), plus two control treatments.

Experimental models of human cortical malformations: from mammals to 'acortical' zebrafish.

Human neocortex controls and integrates cognition, emotions, perception and complex behaviors. Aberrant cortical development can be triggered by multiple genetic and environmental factors, causing cortical malformations. Animal models, especially rodents, are a valuable tool to probe molecular and physiological mechanisms of cortical malformations.

New approaches concerning the testis of Astyanax lacustris (Characidae): immunohistochemical studies.

Astyanax lacustris, locally known as lambari-do-rabo-amarelo, is a study model for Neotropical fish. Testis of A. lacustris shows deep morphophysiological changes throughout the annual reproductive cycle.

Acetic acid-induced pain elicits stress-, and camouflage-related responses in zebrafish: Modulatory effects of opioidergic drugs on neurobehavioral phenotypes.

While pain results from the activation of nociceptors following noxious stimuli, mounting evidence links pain- and stress-related responses in mammals. In zebrafish, the activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis may also regulate body pigmentation (the camouflage response). Here, we aimed to investigate a putative relationship between pain-, stress-, and camouflage-related parameters in adult zebrafish.

Behavioral profile of adult zebrafish acutely exposed to a selective dopamine uptake inhibitor, GBR 12909.

Background: The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the main regulator of dopamine concentration in the extrasynaptic space. The pharmacological inhibition of the DAT results in a wide spectrum of behavioral manifestations, which have been identified so far in a limited number of species, mostly in rodents.

Aim: Here, we used another well-recognized model organism, the zebrafish (), to explore the behavioral effects of GBR 12909, a highly-affine selective DAT blocker.

Animal Inflammation-Based Models of Neuropsychiatric Disorders.

Mounting evidence links psychiatric disorders to central and systemic inflammation. Experimental (animal) models of psychiatric disorders are important tools for translational biopsychiatry research and CNS drug discovery. Current experimental models, most typically involving rodents, continue to reveal shared fundamental pathological pathways and biomarkers underlying the pathogenetic link between brain illnesses and neuroinflammation.

Towards Zebrafish Models of CNS Channelopathies.

Channelopathies are a large group of systemic disorders whose pathogenesis is associated with dysfunctional ion channels. Aberrant transmembrane transport of K, Na, Ca and Cl by these channels in the brain induces central nervous system (CNS) channelopathies, most commonly including epilepsy, but also migraine, as well as various movement and psychiatric disorders. Animal models are a useful tool for studying pathogenesis of a wide range of brain disorders, including channelopathies.

Disease Behavior and Treatment Response of Special Histological Types of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: Special histological types (SHT) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are a heterogeneous group of rare poorly understood diseases. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of patients with SHT of TNBC.

Methods: We evaluated patients with a SHT of TNBC treated in a cancer center between 2009 and 2020.

Outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the psychiatric ward of a general hospital in Brazil.

Background: An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant was detected in the psychiatric ward of a general hospital in Brasília, Brazil.

Methods: We report the investigation, clinical outcomes, viral sequencing, and control measures applied to outbreak containment.

Results: The overall attack rate was 95% (23/24) in a period of 13 days.

Acetic acid-induced nociception modulates sociability in adult zebrafish: Influence on shoaling behavior in heterogeneous groups and social preference.

Due to the recognition of fishes as sentient beings, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become an emergent animal model system to investigate the biological processes of nocifensive responses. Here, we aimed to characterize the zebrafish social behavior in a nociception-based context. For this purpose, using a three-dimensional analysis of heterogeneous shoals, we investigated the main behavioral responses in two 6-min trials: before (baseline) and after a single intraperitoneal (i.

Chemical characterisation by UPLC-Q-ToF-MS/MS and antibacterial potential of Coffea arabica L. leaves: A coffee by-product.

Introduction: Coffea arabica L. leaves are considered a by-product of the coffee industry however they are sources of several bioactive compounds.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and the in vitro antibacterial activity of the lyophilised ethanol extract of arabica coffee leaves (EE-CaL).

Sensitivity of different DNA extraction methods and PCR to detect resistance in patients with leprosy stratified by the bacilloscopic index.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance in leprosy is an emerging problem, and the quantitative impact of low bacilloscopic indexes (BIs) on the sensitivity of molecular tests is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of gene sequencing for the detection of mutations related to antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium leprae in patients with low BIs using an analytical model.

Methods: Patients with leprosy were included and divided into two groups depending on their BIs (≥ 2+ and < 2+).

Induction of aggression and anxiety-like responses by perfluorooctanoic acid is accompanied by modulation of cholinergic- and purinergic signaling-related parameters in adult zebrafish.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a contaminant of global concern owing to its prevalent occurrence in aquatic and terrestrial environments with potential hazardous impact on living organisms. Here, we investigated the influence of realistic environmental concentrations of PFOA (0, 0.25, 0.

Understanding sex differences in zebrafish pain- and fear-related behaviors.

Sex is an important variable in translational biomedical research. While overt sex differences have been reported for pain and fear-like behaviors in humans and rodents, these differences in other popular model organisms, such as zebrafish, remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluate potential sex differences in zebrafish behavioral responses to pain (intraperitoneal administration of 5% acetic acid) and fear stimuli (exposure to alarm substance).

Towards Modeling Anhedonia and Its Treatment in Zebrafish.

Mood disorders, especially depression, are a major cause of human disability. The loss of pleasure (anhedonia) is a common, severely debilitating symptom of clinical depression. Experimental animal models are widely used to better understand depression pathogenesis and to develop novel antidepressant therapies.

Understanding early-life pain and its effects on adult human and animal emotionality: Translational lessons from rodent and zebrafish models.

Critical for organismal survival, pain evokes strong physiological and behavioral responses in various sentient species. Clinical and preclinical (animal) studies markedly increase our understanding of biological consequences of developmental (early-life) adversity, as well as acute and chronic pain. However, the long-term effects of early-life pain exposure on human and animal emotional responses remain poorly understood.