High-resolution mapping of linear epitopes from LiNTPDase2: Advancing leishmaniasis detection using optimized protein and peptide antigens.

Visceral Leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania infantum, is a tropical neglected disease and the most dangerous form of Leishmaniasis. It occurs zoonotically, with domestic transmission posing risks to humans as dogs have high susceptibility and are natural reservoirs of the parasite. Given their epidemiological role, improvements are needed in diagnosing Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL).

Profile of natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection among dogs from rural areas of southern Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Background: The emergence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection via oral transmission has a habitual character in its primitive endemic cycle. Recent findings revealed the first death by oral transmission of T. cruzi in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2012, which was recorded in the rural area of Guarapari.

L-arginine supplementation increases cardiac collagenogenesis in mice chronically infected with Berenice-78 Trypanosoma cruzi strain.

Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a major neglected tropical disease that occurs mainly as chronic infection and systemic infection. Currently, there is no suitable and effective drug to treat this parasitic disease. Administration of nutrients with immunomodulatory properties, such as arginine and nitric oxide radicals, may be helpful as antiparasitic therapy.

Induction of Effective Immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi.

Chagas disease, caused by , is a major public health issue. Limitations in immune responses to natural infection usually result in parasite persistence with significant complications. A safe, effective, and reliable vaccine would reduce the threat of infections; however, no suitable vaccine is currently available due to a lack of understanding of the requirements for induction of fully protective immunity.

Trypanosoma cruzi Produces the Specialized Proresolving Mediators Resolvin D1, Resolvin D5, and Resolvin E2.

is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease (CD). CD is a persistent, lifelong infection affecting many organs, most notably the heart, where it may result in acute myocarditis and chronic cardiomyopathy. The pathological features include myocardial inflammation and fibrosis.

Myocardial scars correlate with eletrocardiographic changes in chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection for dogs treated with Benznidazole.

Objectives: The cardiac form of Chagas disease is evidenced by a progressive cardiac inflammation that leads to myocarditis, fibrosis and electrocardiographic (ECG) conduction abnormalities. Considering these characteristics, the aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the early ECG changes in dogs that were experimentally inoculated with Benznidazole (Bz)-susceptibly (Berenice-78) and Bz-resistant (VL-10, and AAS) Trypanosoma cruzi strains and, later, evaluate the efficacy of Bz treatment for preventing these ECG alterations.

Methods: Electrocardiographic changes of treated and untreated animals were prospectively evaluated for up to 270 days after infection, at which point collagen (right atrium) quantification was performed.

Trypanosoma cruzi: Induction of benznidazole resistance in vivo and its modulation by in vitro culturing and mice infection.

Through a continuous in vivo drug pressure protocol, using mice as experimental model, we induced benznidazole resistance in Trypanosoma cruzi stocks. Full resistance was obtained for four out of five T. cruzi stocks analyzed.