Tracking Endometrial Malacoplakia Through the Evolution of 2D and 3D Ultrasound and Histopathological Features.

Malacoplakia is an uncommon disease characterized by chronic and granulomatous inflammation, which rarely involves the female genital tract. We describe the ecographic and histological evolution of the first case of a patient developing endometrial malacoplakia as a complication after a cesarean section. The patient, a 43-year-old woman, presented with pelvic pain one month after delivering by cesarean section and the initial suspicion was of retention of placental rests.

A human-interpretable machine learning pipeline based on ultrasound to support leiomyosarcoma diagnosis.

The preoperative evaluation of myometrial tumors is essential to avoid delayed treatment and to establish the appropriate surgical approach. Specifically, the differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is particularly challenging due to the overlapping of clinical, laboratory and ultrasound features between fibroids and LMS. In this work, we present a human-interpretable machine learning (ML) pipeline to support the preoperative differential diagnosis of LMS from leiomyomas, based on both clinical data and gynecological ultrasound assessment of 68 patients (8 with LMS diagnosis).

Rapidly evolving pelvic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) mimicking bilateral hydrosalpinx: report of a rare case and literature review.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) represents a rare neoplasm affecting almost exclusively women of reproductive age. This condition mainly affects the lungs, but extrapulmonary locations such as the pelvis and the retroperitoneum are possible. Clinical evaluation and ultrasound imaging are usually non-specific, and the diagnosis is obtained through surgical excision and histopathological examination.

Comparison of endometrial polyp recurrence in fertile women after office hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy using two widely spread techniques.

Aim: To compare the recurrence of benign endometrial polyps after office hysteroscopic polypectomy performed with a bipolar electrode (BE) or a small diameter hysteroscopic tissue removal system (HTRs).

Methods: From July 2018 to December 2019 we evaluated the charts of 114 asymptomatic fertile women who underwent office hysteroscopic polypectomy, 1 year before, for a single large benign endometrial polyp (size between 10 and 20 mm) using a 4 mm continuous flow hysteroscope with a BE or a 5 mm HTRs. Patients, divided into two groups according to surgical procedure, each performed exclusively by one expert gynecologist, were scheduled for a 12-month postoperative transvaginal sonography to evaluate the recurrence of endometrial polyps.

In-office Hysteroscopic Treatment of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome: A Case Series.

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWs) is a rare congenital malformation of the female urogenital track characterized by a triad consisting of didelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. We report 5 consecutive cases of patients diagnosed with HWWs treated in our center. Imaging studies with 2-dimensional/3-dimensional ultrasound and abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging were obtained to confirm the diagnosis.

Resectoscopic Metroplasty with Uterine Septum Excision: A Histologic Analysis of the Uterine Septum.

Study Objective: To evaluate the histology of the uterine septum after its complete hysteroscopic excision.

Design: Case series.

Setting: Second Gynecological and Obstetric Unit and Pathological Anatomy Department of the University of Bari, Italy.

Office treatment of large endometrial polyps using truclear 5C: Feasibility and acceptability.

Aim: This retrospective multicenter study was carried out to evaluate feasibility, effectiveness and patient acceptability of a small diameter hysteroscopic tissue removal system in the treatment of large endometrial polyps (≥20 mm), usually not removed in an office setting.

Methods: Hundred and forty-six women with a single greater than 10-mm diameter polyp considered for polypectomy between April 2016 and August 2017. Sixty-five of these patients had a polyp size greater than 20 mm.

Colpocytological abnormalities in HIV infected and uninfected pregnant women: prevalence, persistence and progression.

In this retrospective case-control study, we analyse data of 48 HIV-positive pregnant patients, versus a control group of 99 HIV-negative pregnant women, followed as outpatients by our department from 2009 to 2014. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence, persistence and progression of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in each group and to correlate colpo-cytological lesions to the socio-demographic and clinical-laboratory findings in the HIV + pregnant women. In our study we observed that immunosuppression, HPV infection and vaginal coinfections were predictive of cervical lesions.

Magnetic Resonance Colonography May Predict the Need for Bowel Resection in Colorectal Endometriosis.

Purpose: To define if MRI findings in patients with deep pelvic endometriosis (DPE) may be predictive for the need of bowel resection.

Material And Methods: A retrospective survey of 196 pelvic MRIs of women who received laparoscopic procedures for DPE was carried out. A pelvic MRI was performed in all patients: it consisted in T2w-TSE sequences in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes and T1w and THRIVE sequences in the axial plane; the exam was completed by MR-Colonography.

Ultrasound diagnosis of uterine myomas.

Myomas represent a large part of benign gynecological pathology, widely spread in fertile female population. First step to diagnose fibroids is ultrasound (US) that can be 2-dimensional (2D), 3-dimensional (3D), Color Doppler (CD) and sonohysterography (SHG). This review develops according to MUSA's sonographic features (Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment).

The OPPIuM technique: office hysteroscopic technique for the preparation of partially intramural leiomyomas.

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, represent the most common benign tumors of the female genital tract. Submucosal leiomyomas are classified into three grades: G0, GI, GII according to the degree of their intramural proportion. A recently developed technique enables the preparation of G1 and G2 leiomyomas for their subsequent successful resection in a second step.

Challenging the cervix: strategies to overcome the anatomic impediments to hysteroscopy: analysis of 31,052 office hysteroscopies.

Objective: To report our experience on 10,156 cases of cervical stenosis (CS) diagnosed at office hysteroscopy.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Ambulatory clinics of diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy of two university teaching hospitals (Naples and Bari).

Leiomyomas and genomics.

Uterine leiomyomas represent a major health problem for women in reproductive age, as these benign monoclonal tumors introduce a pathological state in the female reproductive system structure and function. Despite their common clinical occurrence, the etiology of their incidence remains unclear. Several theories have been proposed in an attempt to clarify the etiology and route of tumor formation in leiomyomas, with estrogen/progesterone and several growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, genes and microRNAs to have been implied as key regulators in their growth.

Hysteroscopic Patterns in Women on Treatment With Ulipristal Acetate 5 mg/day: A Preliminary Study.

Study Objective: To describe the hysteroscopic findings in women on treatment with ulipristal acetate (UPA) and to define the most common hysteroscopic patterns related to the treatment and compare them with the histologic findings.

Design: Preliminary study.

Setting: OB-GYN and Gynecology Oncology Clinic, Military Medical Institute, Ministry of Defense, Warsaw, Poland, and Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Bari, Italy.

Two cases of complete hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus.

The aim of this study was to report the clinical features, management, and outcome of complete hydatidiform mole with a coexisting viable fetus. Two cases are reported. In both cases ultrasound examination demonstrated a normally growing live fetus alongside a normal placenta and an additional intrauterine echogenic mass with features of hydatidiform mole.

Correlation between ultrasound diagnosis and autopsy findings of fetal malformations.

Objective: to compare ultrasound (US) and autopsy findings of fetal malformations in second trimester terminations of pregnancy to evaluate the degree of agreement between US and fetal autopsy.

Methods: in this study, all second trimester termination of pregnancy between 2003-2010 were considered. US and autopsy findings were compared and all cases were classified into five categories according to the degree of agreement between US and pathology (A1: full agreement between US and autopsy; A2: autopsy confirmed all US findings but revealed additional anomalies 'rarely detectable' prenatally; B: autopsy demonstrated all US findings but revealed additional anomalies 'detectable' prenatally; C: US findings were only partially demonstrated at fetal autopsy; D: total disagreement between US and autopsy).