Echinodorus macrophyllus: Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives reduces neutrophil migration through modulation of cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandin in the air-pouch model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Brazil, Echinodorus macrophyllus (Alismataceae), popularly known as chapéu-de-couro, is used to treat inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have shown a significant decrease in the acute inflammation for the aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus (AEEm) and its ethanolic fraction (Fr20).

Anti-arthritic properties of crude extract from Chenopodium ambrosioides L. leaves.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic crude extract (HCE) from Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves on the development of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and on pro-inflammatory cytokine balance.

Methods: Collagen-induced arthritis was induced in DBA1/J mice. On the 21st day, the mice were treated orally with HCE or methotrexate, daily.

Anti-inflammatory effect of diterpenes-enriched fractions from Pterodon polygalaeflorus through inhibition of macrophage migration and cytokine production.

Objectives: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Pterodon polygalaeflorus hexane extract (HE) and its fractions on macrophage migration in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Hexane extract from P. polygalaeflorus fruits was fractionated and yielded four fractions.

Pterodon polygalaeflorus essential oil modulates acute inflammation and B and T lymphocyte activation.

The increased life expectancy of the population has led to increasing incidences of cancer, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Thus the continuous search for new drugs is necessary because ineffectiveness and adverse effects have been described for standard drugs. Essential oils are important sources of bioactive metabolites and several clinical trials have been developed using them.