High prevalence of associated injuries in anterior cruciate ligament tears: A detailed magnetic resonance imaging analysis of 254 patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the type and prevalence of associated injuries by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.

Methods: Data from the Natural Corollaries and Recovery after ACL injury multicenter longitudinal cohort study were analyzed. Between May 2016 and October 2018, patients aged between 15 and 40 years, who had experienced an ACL tear within the last 6 weeks and sought medical attention at one of seven healthcare clinics in Sweden, were invited to participate.

High Prevalence of Superficial and Deep Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with medial collateral ligament (MCL) complex injuries on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Natural Corollaries and Recovery After ACL Injury (NACOX) multicenter longitudinal cohort study. Between May 2016 and October 2018, patients who presented to 1 of 7 health care clinics across Sweden with an ACL tear sustained no more than 6 weeks earlier and who were aged between 15 and 40 years at the time of injury were invited to participate.

Humeral Retroversion (Complexity of Assigning Reference Axes in 3D and Its Influence on Measurement): A Technical Note.

Background: Humeral retroversion (RV) is important to the study of shoulder function and reconstruction. This study tests the hypothesis that clinically obtained computer tomography (CT) measurements for humeral RV (off-axis measurements) differ from those obtained after reformatting the image slice orientation so that the humeral shaft is perpendicular to the gantry (coaxial measurements) and explores deviations from true RV.

Materials And Methods: A custom-built application created in Mathematica was used to explore the effect of altering the humeral orientation on slice angle acquisition by 3D imaging technologies, on the perceived angle of RV from the 2D-projection of the reference axes.

Humeral retroversion and shoulder muscle changes in infants with internal rotation contractures following brachial plexus birth palsy.

Aim: To examine humeral retroversion in infants who sustained brachial plexus birth palsy (BPBI) and suffered from an internal rotation contracture. Additionally, the role of the infraspinatus (IS) and subscapularis (SSc) muscles in the genesis of this bony deformation is explored.

Methods: Bilateral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 35 infants (age range: 2-7 mo old) with BPBI were retrospectively analyzed.

The value of postoperative prosthesis alignment and patellar height measurements on standard X-rays after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does it relate to knee function after 5 years?

Background: The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the influence of parameters of malalignment on knee function 5 years post TKA and, additionally, to explore alterations in patellar height after TKA.

Methods: All 661 patients undergoing TKA between 2010 and 2011 were considered for inclusion. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative short-leg radiographs were assessed for malalignment parameters: coronal tibial angle (cTA), sagittal tibial angle (sTA), femoral flexion angle (FFA) and mediolateral tibial mismatch.

Analysis of normal and dysplastic glenohumeral morphology at magnetic resonance imaging in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy.

Background: Glenoid version and percentage of the humeral head anterior to the scapular line are commonly used 2-D measures to assess deformity of the glenohumeral joint of children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy.

Objective: To assess whether glenoid version and percentage of the humeral head anterior to the scapular line would be altered by standardizing the measurements to the orientation of the scapula.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one bilateral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated by four reviewers.

A novel physiological testing device to study knee biomechanics in vitro.

Background: To properly study knee kinetics, kinematics and the effects of injury and surgical treatment in vitro, the knee should be constrained as little as possible, while imposing physiological loads. A novel dynamic biomechanical knee system (BKS) is presented here. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and reproducibility of the system and demonstrate its features with an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) lesion model.

Functioning Without Cartilage: Older People With Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis Who Self-Report No Functional Limitations Do Score Lower on a Performance Battery.

The majority of the older population shows signs of radiographic knee osteoarthritis. However, many remain without functional complaints for a long period. This study aims to find early functional changes associated with stages of radiographic knee osteoarthritis.

Humeral Retroversion in Children with Shoulder Internal Rotation Contractures Secondary to Upper-Trunk Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy.

Background: The most common sequela of neonatal brachial plexus palsy is an internal rotation contracture of the shoulder that impairs function and leads to skeletal deformation of the glenohumeral joint. Treatment options include release, transfers, and humeral osteotomy, all ultimately striving for better function through increased external rotation. Prior studies have shown that neonatal brachial plexus palsy alters humeral retroversion but with conflicting findings.

Glenoid version by CT scan: an analysis of clinical measurement error and introduction of a protocol to reduce variability.

Objective: Recent studies have challenged the accuracy of conventional measurements of glenoid version. Variability in the orientation of the scapula from individual anatomical differences and patient positioning, combined with differences in observer measurement practices, have been identified as sources of variability. The purpose of this study was to explore the utility and reliability of clinically available software that allows manipulation of three-dimensional images in order to bridge the variance between clinical and anatomic version in a clinical setting.

Assessing shoulder motion in children: age limitations to Mallet and ABC Loops.

Background: Shoulder ROM and function of the shoulder are difficult to evaluate in young children. There has been no determination of the age at which children can comply with the current assessment tools in use, but doing so would be important, because it gives us more accurate insight into the development and assessment of shoulder functional ROM in young children.

Questions/purposes: We (1) determined whether age would limit the use of two different observational scales used to assess shoulder ROM and function in young children (the Mallet scale and the ABC Loops protocol); and (2) compared the two scales in terms of intra- and interobserver reliabilities.

Geometry of the proximal humeral articular surface in young children: a study to define normal and analyze the dysplasia due to brachial plexus birth palsy.

Background: Little is known regarding the morphology of the proximal humerus in growing children. This study reports bilateral magnetic resonance imaging measurements in children with internal rotation contractures from birth palsy, hypothesizing that dysplasia alters normal humeral sphericity and symmetry.

Methods: We studied 25 children with unilateral internal rotation contractures (mean age, 3.