Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 6 Tropism in the Natural Host.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 6 (BoHV-6) is endemic in cattle in Europe, with a high prevalence. There is evidence that the virus is a commensal and not associated with disease processes. For other gammaherpesviruses, it is known that they have a rather specific target cell spectrum, generally including B cells and, at least in the early phase of infection, the epithelium of the respiratory tract.

Cardiac troponin T as a serum biomarker of respiratory impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: Informative biomarkers are an urgent need in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Serum cardiac troponin T is elevated in the majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and increases with disease progression. We sought to establish the informative value of cardiac troponin T with regard to respiratory function, a major prognostic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Obscure Bleeding from a Metastatic Small Bowel Tumor Diagnosed Using Motorized Spiral Enteroscopy: A Case Study and a Literature Review.

Small bowel tumors are relatively rare, representing only around 5% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms, with a progressively increasing incidence. Currently, there are no established guidelines for diagnostic approaches, screening procedures, or management strategies for small bowel tumors. We present here the case of a patient with a rare type of metastatic tumor of the small bowel originating from primary lung adenocarcinoma who presented with abdominal pain, severe iron-deficiency anemia, and melena.

A Successful Treatment of Broncho-Esophageal Fistula with Esophageal Stenting Using Direct Endoscopic Visualization.

Broncho-esophageal fistula (BEF) is a severe yet relatively rare connection between the bronchus and esophagus usually caused by esophageal and pulmonary malignancies. We present a case report of a 49-year-old man diagnosed with terminal lung carcinoma who developed a BEF. The thoracic computed tomography scan detected a mass in the left bronchi that partially covers and disrupts the bronchial contour in certain regions and extends to the esophageal wall.

Malignant catarrhal fever in a goat: manifestation of virus-induced erythema multiforme.

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV2; , ), has sheep as natural hosts. OvHV2 is an important macavirus globally that induces fatal disease in dead-end hosts. Goats, which can be infected subclinically with OvHV2, rarely develop MCF.

The Role of the Intestinal Microbiome in Multiple Sclerosis-Lessons to Be Learned from Hippocrates.

Based on recent advances in research of chronic inflammatory conditions, there is a growing body of evidence that suggests a close correlation between the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and the physiologic activity of the immune system. This raises the idea that disturbances of the GI ecosystem contribute to the unfolding of chronic diseases including neurodegenerative pathologies. Here, we overview our current understanding on the putative interaction between the gut microbiota and the immune system from the aspect of multiple sclerosis, one of the autoimmune conditions accompanied by severe chronic neuroinflammation that affects millions of people worldwide.

Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme Is a Complementary Biomarker in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an invariably fatal neurodegenerative disease with limited therapeutic options. There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers to be used as surrogates for new therapeutic trials and disease monitoring. In this study, we sought to systematically study creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) in a real-world cohort of ALS patients, assess the diagnostic performance, and evaluate its association with other laboratory and clinical parameters.

Micromechanical Study of Hyperacetylated Nucleosomes Using Single Molecule Transverse Magnetic Tweezers.

Nucleosomes are stable complexes of DNA and histone proteins that are essential for the proper functioning of the genome. These structures must be unwrapped and disassembled for processes such as gene expression, replication, and repair. Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are known to play a significant role in regulating the structural changes of nucleosomes.

Epididymectomy as a novel surgical procedure; application in the domestic cat.

Feline overpopulation raises issues concerning health, ecology, economy, and ethics. Procedures to limit overpopulation should carefully address animal welfare, efficiency, costs, and feasibility. Vasectomy in unowned cats is suggested as preferable to standard neutering as it maintains male sexual behaviour which may induce ovulation and pseudopregnancy in intact females and may prevent immigration of other males.

The phylogenetic argument in Freud's metapsychology of anxiety.

Freud's theorising about anxiety has traditionally been based on its nosographical categories (anxiety neurosis, anxiety hysteria) or on the relationship between anxiety and repression (first and second theories of anxiety). While these types of approach have made it possible to identify some milestones in the development of the concept of anxiety, they have also obscured the relevance that Freud attributed to the phylogenetic argument. This article reviews the historical and conceptual context of Freud's main evolutionary references (Lamarck, Darwin, Haeckel, Weismann), and then analyses their presence and function in Freud's work, especially in his conception of anxiety.

Validation of a Mobile, Sensor-based Neurobehavioral Assessment With Digital Signal Processing and Machine-learning Analytics.

Background: The Miro Health Mobile Assessment Platform consists of self-administered neurobehavioral and cognitive assessments that measure behaviors typically measured by specialized clinicians.

Objective: To evaluate the Miro Health Mobile Assessment Platform's concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) classification performance.

Method: Sixty study participants were evaluated with Miro Health version V.

Characterization of Functionalized PLGA Nanoparticles Loaded with Mangiferin and Lupeol, and their Effect on BEAS-2B and HepG2 Cell Lines.

Unlabelled: Lupeol (LP) and Mangiferin (MG) have beneficial effects on health. However, their pharmacokinetic properties can affect their bioavailability when administered orally. Therefore, their incorporation as a vehicle in a hybrid matrix of ZnO and PLGA could contribute to improving bioavailability.

An improvisational theatre intervention in people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems.

People with intellectual disability (ID) generally tend to have difficulties expressing their thoughts and feelings verbally. Art-based therapies rely less on cognitive ability and verbal skills and aim to promote mental health. Drama therapy provides a playful framework to communicate problematic issues and to foster social skills.

Magnetic tweezers: development and use in single-molecule research.

The use of magnetic tweezers for single-molecule micromanipulation has evolved rapidly since its introduction approximately 30 years ago. Magnetic tweezers have provided important insights into the dynamic activity of DNA-processing enzymes, as well as detailed, high-resolution information on the mechanical properties of DNA. These successes have been enabled by major advancements in the hardware and software components of these devices.

Re-visiting Drain Use in Operative Liver Trauma: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Despite the liver being one of the most frequently injured abdominal organs in trauma patients, clinical management strategies differ between trauma surgeons. Few studies have critically evaluated current practice patterns in the operative management of liver trauma. Historical studies recommended against the use of drains but there has not been a modern investigation of this issue.

A Horizontal Magnetic Tweezers for Studying Single DNA Molecules and DNA-Binding Proteins.

We report data from single molecule studies on the interaction between single DNA molecules and core histones using custom-designed horizontal magnetic tweezers. The DNA-core histone complexes were formed using λ-DNA tethers, core histones, and NAP1 and were exposed to forces ranging from ~2 pN to ~74 pN. During the assembly events, we observed the length of the DNA decrease in approximate integer multiples of ~50 nm, suggesting the binding of the histone octamers to the DNA tether.

Is Aphasia Treatment Beneficial for the Elderly? A Review of Recent Evidence.

Purpose: We review recent literature regarding aphasia therapy in the elderly. Relevant articles from the last 5 years were identified to determine whether or not there is evidence to support that various therapeutic approaches can have a positive effect on post-stroke aphasia in the elderly.

Recent Findings: There were no studies examining the effects of aphasia therapy specifically in the elderly within the timeframe searched.

Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome with Orthostatic Intolerance: Intermediate-Term Outcomes following Surgical Intervention.

Objectives: To report the intermediate-term outcome following surgical intervention for median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) in adolescents and young adults with orthostatic intolerance (OI) to assess clinical improvement in the gastrointestinal and 5 other functional domains and if relief of arterial obstruction is associated with resolution of clinical symptoms.

Study Design: Thirty-one patients were given 2 dysautonomia-designed questionnaires to assess changes in symptoms following operative intervention in 6 functional domains and underwent postoperative repeat abdominal ultrasound examinations.

Results: Average follow-up after surgery was 22.

Complete Sequence, Genome Organization and Molecular Detection of Grapevine Line Pattern Virus, a New Putative Anulavirus Infecting Grapevine.

Grapevine line pattern virus (GLPV) was first described 30 years ago in Hungary. The lack of its genomic sequences and of an available antiserum made its detection impossible in other parts of the world. Three different high-throughput sequencing (HTS) protocols applied on a GLPV-infected vine allowed the construction of the full genome sequence of this virus.

The effect of dual inhibition of Ras-MEK-ERK and GSK3β pathways on development of cultured rabbit embryos.

Dual inhibition (2i) of Ras-MEK-ERK and GSK3β pathways enables the derivation of embryo stem cells (ESCs) from refractory mouse strains and, for permissive strains, allows ESC derivation with no external protein factor stimuli involvement. In addition, blocking of ERK signalling in 8-cell-stage mouse embryos leads to ablation of GATA4/6 expression in hypoblasts, suggesting fibroblast growth factor (FGF) dependence of hypoblast formation in the mouse. In human, bovine or porcine embryos, the hypoblast remains unaffected or displays slight-to-moderate reduction in cell number.

Pervasive Genomic Damage in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Therapeutic Potential of a Mechanistic-Based Carbon Nanoparticle.

Therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains elusive, in part dependent on the severity of the hemorrhage itself as well as multiple deleterious effects of blood and its breakdown products such as hemin and free iron. While oxidative injury and genomic damage have been seen following ICH, the details of this injury and implications remain unclear. Here, we discovered that, while free iron produced mostly reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related single-strand DNA breaks, hemin unexpectedly induced rapid and persistent nuclear and mitochondrial double-strand breaks (DSBs) in neuronal and endothelial cell genomes and in mouse brains following experimental ICH comparable to that seen with γ radiation and DNA-complexing chemotherapies.

A Radon Background-subtraction Algorithm for Electronic Personal Dosimeters.

Many first responders are outfitted with electronic personal dosimeters to recognize and be alerted to radiological hazards during their response operations. These dosimeters provide invaluable measurement data for force protection, allowing the first responder to assess a response situation and take protective measures for themselves and other individuals involved based on instrument readings of dose rate or cumulative dose. However, capabilities of common electronic personal dosimeters to identify and distinguish various contributions to the instrument reading, in particular from natural radiological sources, are rather limited.

[The energy metaphor for the human body and its effect on the rise of neurasthenia, neurosis and depression].

This article aims to provide a historical critique of the rise of three diagnostic categories: neurasthenia (late nineteenth century), neurosis (first half of the twentieth century) and depression (mid-twentieth century to the present). The hypothesis is that their broad dissemination can be explained through their link to the energy metaphor for the human body. From the mid-nineteenth century on, the concept of energy spread through western culture, encouraging certain fictions about what we are - the ontological dimension - and what we could be - the ethical dimension.