The relative contribution of hemodynamic parameters to blood pressure decrease in classical orthostatic hypotension.

Purpose: We studied the relative contributions of total peripheral resistance (TPR), stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) to low blood pressure in classical orthostatic hypotension (cOH) on group and individual levels.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed tilt test records from cOH patients and age/sex-matched controls. We quantified relative effects of HR, SV and TPR on mean arterial pressure (MAP) with the log-ratio method.

Orthostatic stress response in pediatric Fontan patients and the effect of ACE inhibition.

Background: Many cardiocirculatory mechanisms are involved in the adaptation to orthostatic stress. While these mechanisms may be impaired in Fontan patients. However, it is yet unclear how Fontan patients, who exhibit a critical fluid balance, respond to orthostatic stress.

New hemodynamic criteria to separate classical orthostatic hypotension from vasovagal syncope.

Objective: To define and evaluate hemodynamic criteria to distinguish between classical orthostatic hypotension (cOH) and vasovagal syncope (VVS) in tilt table testing (TTT).

Methods: Inclusion criteria for VVS were a history of VVS and tilt-induced syncope defined as a blood pressure (BP) decrease and electroencephalographic changes during syncope with complaint recognition. Criteria for cOH were a history of cOH and a BP decrease meeting published criteria.

Measuring CMAPs in addition to MEPs can distinguish peripheral ischemia from spinal cord ischemia during endovascular aortic repair.

Objective: Spinal cord injury is a devastating complication after endovascular thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair (EVAR). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) can be monitored to detect spinal cord injury, but may also be affected by peripheral ischemia caused by femoral artery sheaths. We aimed to determine the incidence of peripheral ischemia during EVAR, and whether central and peripheral ischemia can be distinguished using compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs).

Novel Methods for Quantification of Vasodepression and Cardioinhibition During Tilt-Induced Vasovagal Syncope.

Rationale: Assessing the relative contributions of cardioinhibition and vasodepression to the blood pressure (BP) decrease in tilt-induced vasovagal syncope requires methods that reflect BP physiology accurately.

Objective: To assess the relative contributions of cardioinhibition and vasodepression to tilt-induced vasovagal syncope using novel methods.

Methods And Results: We studied the parameters determining BP, that is, stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), and total peripheral resistance (TPR), in 163 patients with tilt-induced vasovagal syncope documented by continuous ECG and video EEG monitoring.