Significance of cycle 1 bone marrow biopsy in predicting outcomes and toxicities of venetoclax-based therapy for myeloid malignancies.

For older unfit patients receiving venetoclax-based induction, data on the significance of interim bone marrow biopies (BMBx) findings on clinical outcomes is lacking. We retrospectively evaluated interim BMBx results performed on Cycle 1 days 21-28 of venetoclax-based therapy in 69 adults with myeloid malignancies to determine whether blast clearance was associated with overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR). Median age was 75 years (range 69-78).

Cardiac dysfunction and altered gene expression in acid ceramidase-deficient mice.

Farber disease (FD) is an ultrarare, autosomal-recessive, lysosomal storage disorder attributed to gene mutations. FD is characterized by acid ceramidase (ACDase) deficiency and the accumulation of ceramide in various tissues. Classical FD patients typically manifest symptoms including lipogranulomatosis, respiratory complications, and neurological deficits, often leading to mortality during infancy.

Daily Complementary Feeding With Eggs Improves Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Infants.

This secondary analysis of the Eggcel-growth study investigated the effect of daily egg intake for 6 months in infants aged 6-9 months on environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) biomarkers and the association of EED markers with growth faltering. A randomised controlled trial was conducted in Jouberton, South Africa, among 500 infants randomly assigned equally to either an intervention group receiving a daily chicken egg or a control group. Both groups were followed up for 6 months.

Biochemical assessment of the nutritional status of infants, children and adolescents in South Africa (1997-2022): a systematic review.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the published peer-reviewed articles on the biochemical assessment of nutritional status of South African infants, children and adolescents in 1997-2022.

Design: Online databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, EbscoHost and SAePublications) were used to identify thirty-nine papers.

Setting: South Africa, 1997-2022.

Feasibility Testing of the Health4LIFE Weight Loss Intervention for Primary School Educators Living with Overweight/Obesity Employed at Public Schools in Low-Income Settings in Cape Town and South Africa: A Mixed Methods Study.

Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst educators, this study investigated the feasibility of the 16-week Health4LIFE weight loss intervention for primary school educators living with overweight/obesity in low-income settings in Cape Town, South Africa. The research comprised two sub-studies, a pilot randomised controlled trial testing the intervention (10 intervention, = 79 and 10 control schools, = 58), and an investigation of the perceptions of participating educators and principals. Feasibility outcomes included reach, applicability, acceptability, implementation integrity, and a hypothesis-generating signal of effect on lifestyle factors and weight.

Increased circulation of GII.17 noroviruses, six European countries and the United States, 2023 to 2024.

We report an increase in GII.17 norovirus outbreaks and sporadic infections of acute gastroenteritis in Austria, Germany, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, England and the United States during the 2023/24 season. A decrease in GII.

Gaze-Based Detection of Thoughts across Naturalistic Tasks Using a PSO-Optimized Random Forest Algorithm.

One key aspect of the human experience is our ongoing stream of thoughts. These thoughts can be broadly categorized into various dimensions, which are associated with different impacts on mood, well-being, and productivity. While the past literature has often identified eye movements associated with a specific thought dimension (task-relatedness) during experimental tasks, few studies have determined if these various thought dimensions can be classified by oculomotor activity during naturalistic tasks.

Is a wandering mind a novelty-seeking mind? The curious case of incubation.

The Novelty-Seeking Model can explain incubation's effect on creativity by assuming an adaptive decision threshold. During an impasse, the threshold for novelty becomes too high and biased to previous neural activity, hindering progress. Incubation "resets" this threshold through attentional decoupling, allowing for spontaneous ideas to emerge from subsequent mind wandering or other activities that attract attention, facilitating progress.

Autochthonous and imported giardiasis cases: An analysis of two decades of national surveillance data, Germany, 2002 to 2021.

Background is a major cause of gastroenteritis globally, and is the most common food- and waterborne parasitic infection in Europe.AimTo describe the epidemiology of reported acute giardiasis cases in Germany and compare demographic and clinical characteristics between imported and autochthonous cases.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive analysis of giardiasis cases that fulfilled the national case definition and were reported between January 2002 and December 2021.

Fate control engagement augments NK cell responses in LV/hu-IL-12 transduced sarcoma.

Introduction: NK cells are an untapped resource for cancer therapy. Sarcomas transduced with lentiviruses to express human IL-12 are only cleared in mice bearing mature human NK cells. However, systemic inflammation limits IL-12 utilization.

Antidepressant use and ovarian cancer risk: Evidence from nationwide studies with >14,000 cases from Denmark and Sweden.

Objective: Given that the evidence regarding the link between antidepressant use and ovarian cancer risk is equivocal, we investigated this research question by conducting two nationwide nested case-control studies among the Danish and Swedish populations.

Methods: Altogether, 14,121 women with epithelial ovarian cancer (30-84 years old) (Denmark: 8976 diagnosed 2000-2019, Sweden: 5145 diagnosed 2010-2018) were randomly age-matched with 564,840 female controls (359,040 from Denmark, and 205,800 from Sweden) using risk set sampling. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) and combined the estimates based on the fixed-effect assumption.

Designing a Contextualized Food-Based Strategy to Improve the Dietary Diversity of Children in Rural Farming Households in Central Uganda.

Background: Food-based strategies have a high potential of improving the diet quality and reducing the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies in agriculture-dependent communities. Their design is however complex with trade-offs that are rarely systematically presented to allow replication and efficient contextualization.

Objective: The systematic design of a food-based strategy to improve the dietary diversity of children in rural farming communities in Uganda.

Epidemiology of reported cases of leptospirosis in the EU/EEA, 2010 to 2021.

BackgroundLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus . Humans are infected by exposure to animal urine or urine-contaminated environments. Although disease incidence is lower in Europe compared with tropical regions, there have been reports of an increase in leptospirosis cases since the 2000s in some European countries.

Low-dose aspirin use and risk of ovarian cancer: a combined analysis from two nationwide studies in Denmark and Sweden.

Background: Studies on association between low-dose aspirin use and ovarian cancer risk were mostly based on self-reported medication use and few had large enough sample size to investigate the potential modification effect by ovarian cancer risk factors.

Methods: In these two nationwide nested case-control studies among the Danish and Swedish female population, 11,874 women with ovarian cancer (30-84 years old) (Denmark: 7328 diagnosed in 2000-2019, Sweden: 4546 diagnosed in 2010-2018) were randomly age- matched with 473,960 female controls (293,120 from Denmark, and 181,840 from Sweden). We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and combined the estimates based the fixed-effect assumption.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus circulation in Germany.

Human norovirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in all age groups. The virus is constantly and rapidly changing, allowing mutations and recombination events to create great diversity of circulating viruses. With the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, a wide range of public health measures were introduced worldwide to control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Effects of egg as an early complementary food on growth of 6- to 9-month-old infants: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of daily egg consumption for six months on linear growth (primary outcome), weight-for-age, weight-for-length, mid-upper arm circumference-for-age, head circumference-for-age Z-scores, gross motor milestones development, anaemia and iron status (secondary outcomes) in a low socioeconomic community.

Participants: Infants aged 6 to 9 months living in the peri-urban Jouberton area, in the Matlosana Municipality, South Africa.

Design: A randomised controlled trial with a parallel design was implemented.

The Development of Text Messages to Support People at Risk of Diabetes in Low-Resourced Communities: The South African Diabetes Prevention Programme.

Emerging evidence suggests that the addition of text messages to standard healthy lifestyle interventions may improve the outcomes of diabetes prevention programs (DPP). This paper describes the process of developing text messages targeting behavior change in people at risk of developing diabetes in low-resourced communities as part of the South African DPP (SA-DPP). The development comprised multiple steps led by nutrition and physical activity experts.

Anthropometric nutritional status of children (0-18 years) in South Africa 1997-2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature on the anthropometric nutritional status of South African infants and children, 0-18 years old and to report on trends of changes in nutritional status over the period 1997-2022.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting: Review of the available literature on the anthropometric nutritional status of South African infants and children, 0-18 years old, over the period 1997-2022.

Validation of a short food group questionnaire to determine intakes from healthy and unhealthy food groups in 5-9-year-old South African children.

Background: Reliable dietary data for children are necessary to investigate associations with health outcomes. The present study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to determine the frequency of intakes of specific healthy and unhealthy food groups in young children.

Methods: Participants were 5-9-year-old South African children (n = 920) from 10 urban schools.

Transobturator Versus Minisling for Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: The comparison between single-incision slings (SISs) and midurethral slings has been documented in the literature, but results vary according to the SIS device.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess whether SIS (Solyx) is noninferior to transobturator (TOT) (Obtryx) sling for treating women with confirmed stress-predominant urinary incontinence.

Study Design: A prospective, parallel, nonblinded, multicenter, noninferiority, randomized controlled study with 114 patients were randomized and followed 6 and 12 months after surgery.

Risk of ovarian cancer after salpingectomy and tubal ligation: Prospects on histology and time since the procedure.

Objective: Recent theories propose that most epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), depending on histological type, originate from other gynecological tissues and involve the ovary secondarily. According to these theories, any protective effect of salpingectomy and tubal ligation may vary by histological type. The study aim was to examine the association between salpingectomy and tubal ligation, respectively, and risk of EOC, with a focus on associations specific for histological types.

Novel anti-CD30/CD3 bispecific antibodies activate human T cells and mediate potent anti-tumor activity.

CD30 is expressed on Hodgkin lymphomas (HL), many non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), and non-lymphoid malignancies in children and adults. Tumor expression, combined with restricted expression in healthy tissues, identifies CD30 as a promising immunotherapy target. An anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has been approved by the FDA for HL.