Longitudinal Assessment of FT3 to FT4 Conversion Ratio in Predicting the Efficacy of First-Line Pembrolizumab-Based Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matching Analysis of Data from the National Drug Monitoring Agency.

Baseline thyroid function, as measured by the fT3 to fT4 ratio, has been shown to influence the prognosis of advanced cancer patients receiving active treatments. Although immune checkpoint blockade can alter the balance of thyroid hormones, this interaction has not been thoroughly investigated. The present research sought to determine whether changes in the fT3/fT4 ratio could affect the survival outcomes of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were undergoing pembrolizumab-based therapies.

Immunodeficiency-related high-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberration: Further evidence for a lymphoma entity from a patient with simultaneous papillary renal cell carcinoma following pediatric kidney transplant.

Various aggressive lymphomas entities have been associated with immunodeficiency. To provide further evidence that also MYC-negative high-grade B-cell (formerly Burkitt-like) lymphoma with 11q aberrations comprises an immunodeficiency-related subtype, we here conducted a comprehensive pathological and genetic workup of a 25-year-old patient with this type of lymphoma and simultaneous papillary renal cell carcinoma. The patient developed both malignancies following extensive childhood immunosuppression and a kidney transplant.

Aligning rhetoric with reality: a qualitative analysis of multistakeholder initiatives in the global food system.

Global food system governance increasingly relies on multistakeholder initiatives (MSIs) that aim to include those who are affected by and/or affected by an issue. Multistakeholderism's perceived legitimacy is premised on both its outcomes (output legitimacy) and processes (input legitimacy), the latter in turn based on four key rationales: inclusiveness, procedural fairness, consensual orientation and transparency. To date, evidence on the ineffectiveness of MSI's outcomes undermines its claims to output legitimacy.

Tolerability and Preliminary Outcomes of Adjuvant T-DM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: The ATD Study.

Background/objectives: HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2BC) is an aggressive subtype, with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) aiming to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to improve long-term outcomes. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has been established as the standard of care in the adjuvant setting for HER2BC patients who do not obtain pCR. The ATD study aimed to evaluate the real-world tolerability of T-DM1 in this setting.

Comparative efficacy of different bowel preparations for colonoscopy: A network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: The quality of a colonoscopy is heavily reliant on the effectiveness of bowel cleansing. Various cleansing solutions are currently available, but their comparative efficacy remains uncertain. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to compare the performance of different bowel preparations for colonoscopy.

Gastrointestinal and genitourinary fluoroscopy: a pictorial essay of a useful evergreen technique.

Until recently, the use of direct contrast examinations with oral or intracavitary contrast agents was widespread in all general radiology departments. It provided significant answers to multiple clinical questions on the enteric organs and their mucosal surfaces. With the increased availability of CT and MRI, which also allow for the study of walls, as well as the accessibility of endoscopic examinations, the request and execution of fluoroscopy contrast studies have fallen considerably.

Industry influence on public health policy formulation in the UK: a complex systems approach.

Unhealthy commodity industries (UCIs) such as tobacco, alcohol, gambling, ultra-processed food and beverage producers are known to influence policy-making to advance their interests, often to the detriment of public health goals. This study mapped the complex system underpinning UCI's influence on public health policy formulation in the UK and identified potential interventions to shift the system towards being able to better attain public health goals. We conducted a participatory systems mapping workshop with ten experts to build a causal loop diagram (CLD) and identify potential interventions to address UCI's influence on public health policy development.

Pharmaceutical industry payments to healthcare professional organisations in the United Kingdom: a seven-year cross-sectional analysis of the Disclosure UK database from 2015 to 2021.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the size and trends in payments from the pharmaceutical industry to healthcare professional organisations (HPOs) in the United Kingdom (UK), and to characterise the conflict of interest (COI) management plans by HPOs who received large payments.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of non-research payments disclosed in the Disclosure UK database from 2015 to 2021.

Setting: United Kingdom.

Development of a compact and portable diamond-based detection system for dosimetry and microdosimetry in ion beam therapy.

Ion beam therapy techniques have advanced significantly in the past two decades. However, the development of dosimetric verification methods has lagged. Traditional dosimetry, which offers a macroscopic view of the absorbed dose, fails to address the micrometric-scale stochastic effects crucial for understanding biological responses.

Non-Invasive Imaging Including Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography (LC-OCT) for Diagnosis of Cutaneous Lymphomas.

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas arising from malignant T (CTCL) or B (CBCL) cells, often mimicking other skin conditions. Recently, non-invasive diagnostic imaging modalities, including dermoscopy, Reflectance Confocal Microscopy (RCM), and Line-field Optical Coherence Tomography (LC-OCT), have become increasingly important, supporting clinicians in clinical practice. Hence, our study aimed to describe dermoscopic, RCM, and LC-OCT features of PCL and to explore their role in PCL management.

From Sparse to Dense: GPT-4 Summarization with Chain of Density Prompting.

Selecting the "right" amount of information to include in a summary is a difficult task. A good summary should be detailed and entity-centric without being overly dense and hard to follow. To better understand this tradeoff, we solicit increasingly dense GPT-4 summaries with what we refer to as a "Chain of Density" (CoD) prompt.

Clinical impact of drug-drug interactions on abemaciclib in the real-world experience of AB-ITALY study.

Abemaciclib demonstrated clinical benefit in women affected by HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (aBC). Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can lead to reduced treatment efficacy or increased toxicity. This retro-prospective study aimed to evaluate outcomes, DDIs' impact, and toxicities of abemaciclib combined with endocrine therapy in a real-world setting.

Consensus paper on the management of acute isolated vertigo in the emergency department.

Acute vertigo is defined as the perception of movement of oneself or the surroundings in the absence of actual motion and it is a frequent cause for emergency department admissions. The utilization of medical resources and the duration of hospital stay for this kind of symptom is high. Furthermore, the efficiency of brain imaging in the acute phase is low, considering the limited sensitivity of both CT and MRI for diagnosing diseases that are the causes of central type of vertigo.

Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone (KRD) in BTKi relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma: A phase II study from Fondazione Italiana Linfomi.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare lymphoproliferative neoplasm considered incurable, with a median survival of 3-5 years. In recent years, Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) have been introduced, demonstrating high therapeutic activity. However, the prognosis for MCL patients failing ibrutinib therapy is particularly poor, with a survival expectation of a few months.

Efficacy and safety of ramucirumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel in untreated metastatic thymic carcinoma: RELEVENT phase II trial (NCT03921671).

Background: Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare tumor with aggressive behavior. Chemotherapy with carboplatin plus paclitaxel represents the treatment of choice for advanced disease. Antiangiogenic drugs, including ramucirumab, have shown activity in previously treated patients.

The resistive and pulsatility indices of the dorsal metatarsal artery for the screening of peripheral lower artery disease in patients with and without diabetes.

Background: In lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD), the ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an easily reproducible diagnostic tool for PAD, but it loses reliability when > 1.4 due to calcification of the vessel wall. Patients with diabetes are at higher risk for wall calcification.

Validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially related to R-CHOP resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Despite the availability of clinical and molecular algorithms applied for the prediction of prognosis, in up to 30%-40% of patients, intrinsic or acquired drug resistance occurs. Constitutional genetics may help to predict R-CHOP resistance.

ANMCO/SIMEU consensus document on the use of reversal agents for antithrombotic therapies in patients with ongoing bleeding or at high risk of haemorrhagic events.

In recent decades, an incredible evolution in antithrombotic therapies used for treating patients with atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, and venous thromboembolism has been observed, leading to the availability of increasingly safe drugs. Nonetheless, bleeding complications remain a significant concern, with considerable health, social, and economic implications. To improve the acute management of patients experiencing or at risk for major bleeding events, specific reversal agents for antithrombotic drugs have been recently developed.

Cross-sectional examination of commercial milk formula industry funding of international, regional and national healthcare professional associations: protocol.

Introduction: Commercial milk formula manufacturers often emphasise their role in supporting infant and young child nutrition and breastfeeding, but their commercial goals to increase volume and profit margin of formula sales conflict with these declarations. Healthcare professional associations have an important role in healthcare worker education, shaping clinical practice. When healthcare professional associations enter into financial relationships with formula manufacturers, conflicts of interest arise, which may undermine education and practice that promotes optimal infant and young child feeding.

Generating EDU Extracts for Plan-Guided Summary Re-Ranking.

Two-step approaches, in which summary candidates are generated-then-reranked to return a single summary, can improve ROUGE scores over the standard single-step approach. Yet, standard decoding methods (i.e.