Influence of inhaled nitric oxide on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants with PPHN or HRF at birth: a propensity score matched study.

Background: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting preterm infants, with limited prevention and treatment options. Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) is sometimes used to treat Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) and Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (HRF), and its impact on BPD development remains debated.

Objective: To assess whether iNO-related factors are potential contributors to the development of BPD Grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ in very premature infants (VPI) diagnosed with PPHN or HRF at birth using Propensity Score Matching (PSM).

Activation of cGAS confers PARP inhibitor resistance in ovarian cancer via the TBK1-IRF3 axis.

Objectives: Ovarian cancer is a gynecologic tumor with the highest mortality rate worldwide. Nonetheless, chemoresistance remains a significant obstacle in treating ovarian cancer. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are effective drugs approved for maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer.

A nationwide survey on the management of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: insights from the MUNICH survey in 394 Chinese hospitals.

Background: At present, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in China present higher mortality and morbidity rates than those in high-income countries. The aim of this nationwide survey was to assess the clinical management of RDS in China.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey to assess adherence to RDS management recommendations was performed.

Hyperglycemia in pregnancy did not worsen the short-term outcomes of very preterm infants: a propensity score matching study.

Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HGP) has generally been considered a risk factor associated with adverse outcomes in offspring, but its impact on the short-term outcomes of very preterm infants remains unclear.

Methods: A secondary analysis was performed based on clinical data collected prospectively from 28 hospitals in seven regions of China from September 2019 to December 2020. According to maternal HGP, all infants were divided into the HGP group or the non-HGP group.

Histological chorioamnionitis and pathological stages on very preterm infant outcomes.

Aims: Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is a condition linked to preterm birth and neonatal infection and its relationship with various pathological stages in extremely preterm neonates, and with their associated short- and long-term consequences, remains a subject of research. This study investigated the connection between different pathological stages of HCA and both short-term complications and long-term outcomes in preterm infants born at or before 32 weeks of gestational age.

Methods: Preterm infants born at ≤ 32 weeks of gestation who underwent placental pathology evaluation and were followed-up at 18-24 months of corrected age were included.

Associations of MMP9 polymorphism with the risk of severe pneumonia in a Southern Chinese children population.

Background: Severe pneumonia frequently causes irreversible sequelae and represents a major health burden for children under the age of 5. Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) is a zinc-dependent endopeptidase that is involved in various cellular processes. The correlation between MMP9 and the risk of severe childhood pneumonia remains unclear.

Association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and death or neurodevelopmental impairment at 3 years in preterm infants without severe brain injury.

Objective: We investigated the association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and 3 years death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in very preterm infants without severe brain injury.

Method: Our prospective cohort study recruited preterm infants who were born prior to 32 weeks of gestational age and survived in the neonatal intensive care unit until 36 weeks of corrected age. Upon reaching 3 years of age, each infant was assessed for death or NDI such as cerebral palsy, cognitive deficit, hearing loss, and blindness.

Identification and verification of ferroptosis-related genes in the pathology of epilepsy: insights from CIBERSORT algorithm analysis.

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. A mechanism of cell death regulation, known as ferroptosis, which involves iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in various diseases, including epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and epilepsy through bioinformatics analysis.

Real-world evidence regarding the growth of very premature infants with small for gestational age after birth: a multicenter survey in China.

Background: To analyze the real-world growth pattern of very premature infants (VPI) with small for gestational age (SGA) after birth by using the ΔZ value of weight at discharge.

Methods: The clinical data were collected from 28 hospitals in China from September 2019 to December 2020. They were divided into the EUGR(Extrauterine Growth Restriction) and the non-EUGR group according to the criterion of ΔZ value of weight at discharge < -1.

[Analysis of ARX gene variant in a child with X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia].

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis for a child with X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia (XLAG).

Methods: A child with XLAG who had presented at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in May 2021 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples of the child and his parents were collected and subjected to high-throughput sequencing.

Clinical characteristics and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of leukomalacia in preterm infants and term infants: a cohort study.

Background: Leukomalacia is a serious form of neonatal brain injury that often leads to neurodevelopmental impairment, and studies on neonatal leukomalacia and its long-term outcomes are lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants and term infants with leukomalacia.

Methods: Newborns diagnosed with leukomalacia by head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who were admitted to intensive care units from January 2015 to June 2020 were enrolled.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of 36 children with Joubert syndrome.

Background And Aims: Joubert syndrome (JBTS, OMIM # 213300) is a group of ciliopathies characterized by mid-hindbrain malformation, developmental delay, hypotonia, oculomotor apraxia, and breathing abnormalities. Molar tooth sign in brain imaging is the hallmark for diagnosing JBTS. It is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder involving mutations in more than 40 ciliopathy-related genes.

Nomogram for predicting fulminant necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Fulminant necrotizing enterocolitis (FNEC) is the most serious subtype of NEC and has a high mortality rate and a high incidence of sequelae. Onset prediction can help in the establishment of a customized treatment strategy. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a predictive nomogram for FNEC.

Circ_0007706 downregulation ameliorates neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy via regulating the miR-579-3p/TRAF6 axis.

Background: Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a main factor of neonatal death and permanent neurologic deficit. This study sought to investigate the functional role of hsa_circ_0007706 (circ_0007706) in modulating neonatal HIE.

Methods: In vitro HIE cell model was established in hBMVECs under the condition of oxygen‑glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treatment.

Antenatal corticosteroids is associated with better postnatal growth outcomes of very preterm infants: A national multicenter cohort study in China.

Introduction: Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) administration is a standardized prenatal care for accelerating fetal maturation before anticipated preterm delivery, however, its effect on nutrition and growth is yet uncertain. This study aimed to examine if ACS application is associated with improvement in postnatal growth and nutrition in very preterm infants (VPIs).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective survey included infants born before 32 weeks gestation and admitted to 28 tertiary neonatal intensive care units throughout China from September 2019 to December 2020.

[Influence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on cerebral blood flow in preterm infants: a prospective study based on arterial spin labeling].

Objectives: To investigate local cerebral blood perfusion in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) based on cerebral blood flow (CBF) values of arterial spin labeling (ASL).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 90 preterm infants with a gestational age of <32 weeks and a birth weight of <1 500 g who were born in the Department of Obstetrics and admitted to the Department of Neonatology in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2021 to June 2022. All of the infants underwent cranial MRI and ASL at the corrected gestational age of 35-40 weeks.

Effect of early initiation of enteral nutrition on short-term clinical outcomes of very premature infants: A national multicenter cohort study in China.

Objectives: The management of enteral nutrition in very preterm infants (VPIs) is still controversial, and there is no consensus on the optimal time point after birth at which enteral nutrition can be started. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of early initiation of enteral nutrition on the short-term clinical outcomes of VPIs.

Methods: Data of infants (n = 2514) born before 32 wk of gestation were collected from 28 hospitals located in seven different regions of China.