A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin.

Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 18 years ago, a large number of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) have been discovered in their natural reservoir host, bats. Previous studies have shown that some bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans. Here we report the identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China.

The NLRP3 inflammasome and stroke.

Inflammasome pattern recognition receptors, which belong to the family of multi-meric proteins, play an important role in innate immunity, including NLRPs, NLRC, and NAIP. Among these receptors, NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome may activate the inflammation and participate in atherosclerosis, pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, resultin ischemia/reperfusion injury and stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Effective regulation of NLRP3 may help prevent or even treat stroke.

[Investigation on the risk factors for reported rising of measles incidence during November, 2011 to February, 2012, in some areas of Hubei province].

Objective: To identify the risk factors for reported sudden rise of measles incidence in November, 2011, in some areas of Hubei province.

Methods: We analyzed all measles patients reported in the measles surveillance system from November 2011 to February 2012 in two prefectures with highest attack rates and their vaccination history by reviewing vaccination records. We interviewed patients' parents by telephone to obtain the history of visiting health care within 7 to 21 days before onset.

[Subtype and sequence analysis of the gag genes for HIV-1 strains isolated in Hubei province].

Objective: To investigate the characteristic of subtypes and genetic diversity of HIV-1 circulating in Hubei province and its molecular epidemiological linkages with regard to risk factors of viral transmission.

Methods: plasma samples of 80 diagnosed individuals was characterized. The gene fragments of gag were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and HIV-1 genotypes were determined based on the nucleotide sequences of gag region.

[Lymphatic filariasis in Hubei Province: from prevailing to elimination].

Lymphatic filariasis used to highly prevalent in 69 counties (cities) with 29 million people at the risk of infection in Hubei Province. There were 2 million people infected either by B. malayi or W.

[Epidemiologic analysis on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Hubei province, 2010].

Objective: To identify the epidemic characteristics and risk factors of an emerging infectious disease-severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Hubei province.

Methods: Active surveillance program on SFTS was set up in monitoring sites-hospitals, at the township level or above, in Suizhou, Huanggang and Wuhan from January to December, 2010. Specific surveillance program on SFTS was launched across the province in hospitals above the county level.

Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China.

Background: Heightened surveillance of acute febrile illness in China since 2009 has led to the identification of a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) with an unknown cause. Infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum has been suggested as a cause, but the pathogen has not been detected in most patients on laboratory testing.

Methods: We obtained blood samples from patients with the case definition of SFTS in six provinces in China.

[Study on molecular epidemiology of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Hubei province].

Objective: To study the distribution of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) genotypes in Hubei province.

Methods: Epidemiological survey was carried out to HIV-1 carriers who were identified in Hubei province. HIV-1 env V3-V4, gag P17/24 and the first exon of tat region were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction(nPCR) .