Wnt5a deficiency in osteocalcin-expressing cells could not alleviate the osteoarthritic phenotype in a mouse model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Objectives: Wnt5a, which regulates the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, is reportedly overexpressed in osteoarthritis (OA) tissues. The purpose of this study was to elucidate its role in the development of OA by deleting Wnt5a in osteocalcin (OCN)-expressing cells.

Materials And Methods: Knee OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in knockout (Wnt5a-cKO) mice and control littermates.

Strontium ranelate retards disc degradation and improves endplate and bone micro-architecture in ovariectomized rats with lumbar fusion induced - Adjacent segment disc degeneration.

Objectives: Adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASDD) is one of the long-term sequelae of spinal fusion, which is more susceptible with osteoporosis. As an anti-osteoporosis drug, strontium ranelate (SR) has been reported to not only regulate bone metabolism but also cartilage matrix formation. However, it is not yet clear whether SR has a reversal or delaying effect on fusion-induced ASDD in a model of osteoporosis.

Protective effects of equol on the cartilage and subchondral bone in ovariectomized rats with osteoarthritis.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of equol (EQ) on osteoporotic osteoarthritis (OP OA).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, OP OA group, and EQ group (n=12). OP OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) combined with ovariectomy (OVX).

Raloxifene retards the progression of adjacent segmental intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus in ovariectomized rats.

Background: Adjacent segmental intervertebral disk degeneration (ASDD) is a major complication secondary to lumbar fusion. Although ASSD pathogenesis remains unclear, the primary cause of intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) development is apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP). Raloxifene (RAL) could delay ASDD by inhibiting NP apoptosis.

The Protective Effects of Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) on Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Through Down-Regulating JAK2/STAT3 and WNT5A/ROR2 in a Collagenase-Induced Osteoarthritis Mouse Model.

Objective: To assess the effects of PTH (1-34) on bone and cartilage metabolism in a collagenase-induced mouse model of osteoarthritis (OA) and examine whether PTH (1-34) affects the expression of JAK2/STAT3 and WNT5A/ROR2 in this process.

Methods: Eighteen 12-week-old male C57Bl/6 mice were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: sham group (Group A), the collagenase + saline injection group (Group B), and the collagenase + PTH (1-34) treatment group (Group C). Collagenase was injected (intra-articular) into the knee joint of Group B and C.

Denosumab alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration adjacent to lumbar fusion by inhibiting endplate osteochondral remodeling and vertebral osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.

Background: Although adjacent segmental intervertebral disc degeneration (ASDD) is one of the most common complications after lumbar fusion, its exact mechanism remains unclear. As an antibody to RANKL, denosumab (Dmab) effectively reduces bone resorption and stimulates bone formation, which can increase bone mineral density (BMD) and improve osteoporosis. However, it has not been confirmed whether Dmab has a reversing or retarding effect on ASDD.

Raloxifene inhibits the overexpression of TGF-β1 in cartilage and regulates the metabolism of subchondral bone in rats with osteoporotic osteoarthritis.

Overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and subchondral bone remodelling play key roles in osteoarthritis (OA). Raloxifene (RAL) reduces the serum level of TGF-β1 in postmenopausal women. However, the effect of RAL on TGF-β1 expression in articular cartilage is still unclear.

Parathyroid hormone (1-34) ameliorates cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone deterioration in collagenase-induced osteoarthritis model in mice.

Aims: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) exhibits potential in preventing degeneration in both cartilage and subchondral bone in osteoarthritis (OA) development. We assessed the effects of PTH (1-34) at different concentrations on bone and cartilage metabolism in a collagenase-induced mouse model of OA and examined whether PTH (1-34) affects the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in this process.

Methods: Collagenase-induced OA was established in C57Bl/6 mice.

Strontium Ranelate Combined with Insulin Is as Beneficial as Insulin Alone in Treatment of Fracture Healing in Ovariectomized Diabetic Rats.

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and estrogen deficiency both predispose fracture patients to increased risk of delayed union or nonunion. The present study investigated the effects of strontium ranelate (SR) on fracture healing in ovariectomized (OVX) diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS A mid-shaft fracture was established in female normal control (CF), diabetic (DF), and OVX diabetic (DOF) rats.

Effects of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 on bone loss and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in ovariectomized rats.

Purpose: Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of lower back pain that affects the physical and mental health of patients and increases social burden. Parathyroid hormone has been reported to be effective at inhibiting disc degeneration; however, these effects have not been fully established in vivo in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Thus, in this study, we aimed to address this issue and examine the effects of parathyroid hormone treatment in OVX rats.

Orally administered simvastatin partially preserves lumbar vertebral bone mass but not integrity of intervertebral discs in ovariectomized rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered simvastatin on lumbar vertebral bone mass and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. A total of 30 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to either bilateral ovariectomy (n=20) or sham surgery (n=10). After 12 weeks, the OVX rats were orally administered either saline vehicle (OVX + V group; n=10), or 5 mg/kg/day simvastatin (OVX + SIM group; n=10).

LncRNA TUG1 is upregulated and promotes cell proliferation in osteosarcoma.

Objective: To examine the expression and function of long non-coding RNA () in human osteosarcoma cells.

Methods: Real-time quantitive PCR was used to detect the transcription level of in a series of osteosarcoma cell lines. Knockdown of in U2OS cells was carried out by transient transfection of siRNAs.

Unparallel gender-specific changes in the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China.

Unlabelled: This study, which measured the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China, in 2015, shows that compared to data we reported in Tangshan in 2010, the crude incidence of hip fractures in 2015 increased in females and slightly decreased in males. However, the incidences of age-specific hip fracture in females aged over 65 and males aged over 75 are both increasing.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of hip fractures in 2015 in Tangshan, China, and to compare this incidence with that previously reported in Tangshan in 2010.

Strontium ranelate causes osteophytes overgrowth in a model of early phase osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) involves cartilage changes as well as modifications of subchondral bone and synovial tissues. Strontium ranelate (SR), an anti-osteoporosis compound, which is currently in phase III clinical trial for treatment of OA. Evidences suggest that SR preferably deposited in osteophyte, other than in subchondral bone in early phase of OA.

Are estrogen-related drugs new alternatives for the management of osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease involving multiple physiopathological mechanisms. The increased prevalence of OA after menopause and the presence of estrogen receptors in joint tissues suggest that estrogen could help prevent development of OA. This review summarizes OA research with a focus on the effects of estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs).

Alendronate Prevents Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Adjacent to a Lumbar Fusion in Ovariectomized Rats.

Study Design: A model of disc degeneration adjacent to a lumbar fusion in osteoporotic rats.

Objective: We determined the effect of alendronate (ALN) on the disc degeneration adjacent to a lumbar fusion in ovariectomized rats.

Summary Of Background Data: Adjacent-segment disc degeneration (ASDD) is one of the negative sequelae of spinal fusion.

Protective effect of calcitonin on lumbar fusion-induced adjacent-segment disc degeneration in ovariectomized rat.

Background: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and pathological changes in the spinal cord are major causes of back pain. In addition to its well-established anti-resorptive effect on bone, calcitonin (CT) potentially exerts protective effects on IVD degeneration in ovariectomized rats. However, possible therapeutic effects of CT on lumbar fusion-induced adjacent-segment disc degeneration (ASDD) have not been investigated yet.

Enhancement of Lumbar Fusion and Alleviation of Adjacent Segment Disc Degeneration by Intermittent PTH(1-34) in Ovariectomized Rats.

Osteoporosis, which is prevalent in postmenopausal or aged populations, is thought to be a contributing factor to adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASDD), and the incidence and extent of ASDD may be augmented by osteopenia. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) has already been shown to be beneficial in osteoporosis, lumbar fusion and matrix homeostasis of intervertebral discs. However, whether PTH(1-34) has a reversing or retarding effect on ASDD in osteopenia has not been confirmed.

Age dependent changes in cartilage matrix, subchondral bone mass, and estradiol levels in blood serum, in naturally occurring osteoarthritis in Guinea pigs.

The Dunkin Hartley (DH) guinea pig is a widely used naturally occurring osteoarthritis model. The aim of this study was to provide detailed evidence of age-related changes in articular cartilage, subchondral bone mineral density, and estradiol levels. We studied the female Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age (eight animals in each group).

An increase in the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China.

Unlabelled: We determined the number and incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China, in 2010. Compared with data we reported in Tangshan from 1994, the crude and age-specific incidence increased significantly for both sexes, especially in women. Strategies are needed for effective fracture prevention in the future.