[Changes in visual and oculomotor impairments after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal removal of pituitary adenomas].

Changes in visual functions were analyzed in 427 patients with pituitary adenomas after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal tumor removal. The analysis indicated that not only the specific features of tumor growth and size and the baseline function, but also the efficacy of surgery and a patient's age affect postoperative changes in visual impairments. Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy was found to result in no clinical improvement as compared with the earlier used procedures of microscopic transnasal removal with and without an endoscope additionally used at some surgical stages.

[Selection of management tactics in treatment of giant prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas].

Surgical treatment of giant pituitary adenomas is one of the most complicated problems of modern neurosurgery. Before introduction of dopamine agonists surgery was the dominating therapy. Advances in modern pharmacology allowed to approach the alternative way of management of giant prolactinomas (GP).

[Surgical treatment for giant pituitary adenomas: the state of visual functions].

Giant pituitary adenomas (more than 60 mm) are a most difficult group of tumors of the pituitary. Surgery is practically the only treatment, visual functions being most vulnerable. The study showed that the procedures for removal of tumors through transsphenoidal approach (improved vision or no negative changes was noted in 78.

[Surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas using endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach].

A new method for the removal of chiasma-sellar tumours is proposed consisting of endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal surgery is described. A total of 400 operations were made with the use of this technique. Analysis of their results revealed merits and demerits of the endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach.

[Extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approaches in skull base surgery].

The article deals with endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery, which has gained great interest among the modem trends of neurosurgery. Application of extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approaches significantly advances capabilities of transsphenoidal surgery. Pituitary adenomas and some other sellar tumors which traditionally require transcranial procedure now can be removed via endonasal route.

[Clinical presentation, diagnostics and results of primary conservative treatment of large and giant prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas].

A prospective study of 55 patients with large and giant prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors receiving dopamine agonists as primary treatment was performed. Statistically significant data were obtained indicating decrease of prolactin level, improvement of vision, normalization of sexual function and shrinking of the tumor. Effectiveness and safety of dopamine agonists in patients with large and giant prolactinomas are proved.

[Methods of the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy].

This paper provides the practical part of a procedure for endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors. The authors have presently gained experience with about 400 endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal operations. The advantages of endoscopic surgery include the wide vision field of an operative site under good illumination.

[Rhinological aspects of endoscopic endonasal removal of hypophysial adenomas].

The authors analyse rhinological aspects of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy (EETA): a nasal operation, intra- and postoperative liquorrhea, liquorrhea-associated meningitis, postoperative nasal hemorrhage, local changes of nasal cavity anatomic structures; provide practical recommendations on management of the conditions many of which are life-threatening.

[The diagnostic and treatment characteristics of rectal cancer in young persons].

The causes of advancement and results of treatment of 191 patients (aged under 40 years) with rectal cancer seen in 1967-1987 were analysed. The peculiarities of the disease in young age were identified. Timely diagnosis and better results of treatment of rectal cancer in the young can be assured with better educational activities and mandatory rectal examination during oncological check-ups.