Shoulder dystocia: guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF).

Shoulder dystocia (SD) is defined as a vaginal delivery in cephalic presentation that requires additional obstetric maneuvers to deliver the fetus after the head has delivered and gentle traction has failed. It complicates 0.5-1% of vaginal deliveries.

Late enrichment maintains accurate recent and remote spatial memory only in aged rats that were unimpaired when middle aged.

Exposure of rodents to a stimulating environment has beneficial effects on some cognitive functions that are impaired during physiological aging, and especially spatial reference memory. The present study investigated whether environmental enrichment rescues these functions in already declining subjects and/or protects them from subsequent decline. Subgroups of 17-mo-old female rats with unimpaired versus impaired performance in a spatial reference memory task (Morris water maze) were housed until the age of 24 mo in standard or enriched environment.

Postpartum practice: guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF).

Objective: To make evidence-based recommendations for the postpartum management of women and their newborns, regardless of the mode of delivery.

Material And Methods: Systematic review of articles from the PubMed database and the Cochrane Library and of recommendations from the French and foreign societies or colleges of obstetricians.

Results: Because breast-feeding is associated with reductions in neonatal, infantile, and childhood morbidity (lower frequency of cardiovascular, infectious, and atopic diseases and infantile obesity) (LE2) and improved cognitive development in children (LE2), exclusive and extended breastfeeding is recommended (grade B) for at least 4-6 months (professional consensus).

Cytomegalovirus non-primary infection during pregnancy. Can serology help with diagnosis?

Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) primary infection is reliable, but diagnosis of CMV non-primary infection (NPI) is questionable. Our aim is to highlight the difficulties met in diagnosis of CMV NPI. We illustrate that in proven cases of CMV NPI, very different serologic and molecular patterns may be observed and that routine serologic testing may fail to help with diagnosis.

Myocardial blush and microvascular reperfusion following manual thrombectomy during percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction: insights from the TOTAL trial.

Aims: Thrombectomy during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been thought to be an effective therapy to prevent distal embolization and improve microvascular perfusion. The TOTAL trial (N = 10 732), a randomized trial of routine manual thrombectomy vs. PCI alone in STEMI, showed no difference in the primary efficacy outcome.

Effectiveness of chlorthalidone/amiloride versus losartan in patients with stage I hypertension: results from the PREVER-treatment randomized trial.

Objectives: To compare the blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy of a chlorthalidone/amiloride combination pill with losartan, during initial management of stage I hypertension.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 655 participants were followed for 18 months in 21 Brazilian academic centers. Trial participants were adult volunteers aged 30-70 years with stage I hypertension (BP 140-159 or 90-99 mmHg) following 3 months of a lifestyle intervention.

Sleep duration and mortality in the elderly: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association between short and long sleep duration and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among elderly individuals.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies.

Setting: Articles were retrieved from international and national electronic databases.

Feasibility of Respiratory-gated High-pitch Spiral CT:: Free-breathing Inspiratory Image Quality.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to develop and implement a respiratory-gated setup for dual-source computed tomography (CT) at high pitch to examine patients in a reproducible inspiratory phase.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients underwent free-breathing respiratory-gated chest CT using a high-pitch scan mode no more than 6 months after inspiratory breath-held nongated CT, which serves as reference. Scan parameters were as follows: pitch = 3.

Multiple gestations and preterm birth.

Preterm birth is a major concern in modern obstetrics, and an important source of morbidity and mortality in newborns. Among twin pregnancies, especially, preterm birth is highly prevalent, and it accounts for almost 50% of the complications observed in this obstetrical population. In this article, we review the existing literature regarding the prediction and prevention of preterm birth in both symptomatic and asymptomatic twin pregnancies.

The pulmonary artery wedge pressure response to sustained exercise is time-variant in healthy adults.

Objectives: The clinical and prognostic significance of 'exaggerated' elevations in pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) during symptom-limited exercise testing is increasingly recognised. However, the paucity of normative data makes the identification of abnormal responses challenging. Our objectives was to describe haemodynamic responses that reflect normal adaptation to submaximal exercise in a group of community-dwelling, older, non-dyspnoeic adults.

High-Resolution Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Imaging of Interface Dipoles and Photogenerated Charges in Organic Donor-Acceptor Photovoltaic Blends.

We present noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy studies of nanophase segregated photovoltaic blends based on an oligothiophene-fluorenone oligomer and [6,6]-phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester. We carried out a complete analysis of the influence of the tip-surface interaction regime on the topographic, in-dark contact potential and surface photovoltage contrasts. It is demonstrated that an optimal lateral resolution is achieved for all channels below the onset of a contrast in the damping images.

Interactive Isogeometric Volume Visualization with Pixel-Accurate Geometry.

A recent development, called isogeometric analysis, provides a unified approach for design, analysis and optimization of functional products in industry. Traditional volume rendering methods for inspecting the results from the numerical simulations cannot be applied directly to isogeometric models. We present a novel approach for interactive visualization of isogeometric analysis results, ensuring correct, i.

Exposure to an enriched environment up to middle age allows preservation of spatial memory capabilities in old age.

In rats, some cognitive capabilities, like spatial learning and memory, are preserved from age-related decline by whole adult life enriched environment (EE) exposure. However, to which extent late EE contributes to such maintenance remains to be investigated. Here we assessed the impact of late housing condition (e.

[Shoulder dystocia: Guidelines for clinical practice--Short text].

Objectives: To determine the available evidence to prevent and treat shoulder dystocia to attempt to decrease its related neonatal and maternal morbidity.

Materials And Methods: The PubMed database, the Cochrane Library and the recommendations from the French and foreign obstetrical societies or colleges have been consulted.

Results: Shoulder dystocia, defined as a vaginal delivery that requires additional obstetric maneuvers to deliver the fetus after the head has delivered and gentle traction has failed, complicates 0.

[Prevention of shoulder dystocia risk factors before delivery].

Objective: To determine whether it is possible to prevent the occurrence of risk factors for shoulder dystocia before or during pregnancy.

Methods: The PubMed database, the Cochrane Library and the recommendations from the French and foreign obstetrical societies or colleges have been consulted. Studied measures were exercise before or during pregnancy, dietary management, and gestational diabetes management in obese and non-obese patients.

[Post-partum management after cesarean delivery. Guidelines for clinical practice].

Objective: To determine guidelines for post-partum management after cesarean delivery regarding patient monitoring, organization, postoperative analgesia, time of urinary catheter removal, resumption of feeding and drinking, timing of ambulation, indication and modalities of thromboprophylaxis.

Methods: The PubMed database, the Cochrane Library and the recommendations from the French and foreign obstetrical societies or colleges have been consulted.

Results: Immediate postoperative monitoring after caesarean delivery should be performed in the recovery room, but in exceptional circumstances, it may be performed in the delivery unit provided safety rules are maintained and regulatory authorities are informed (professional consensus).

[Post-partum: Guidelines for clinical practice--Short text].

Objective: To determine the post-partum management of women and their newborn whatever the mode of delivery.

Material And Methods: The PubMed database, the Cochrane Library and the recommendations from the French and foreign obstetrical societies or colleges have been consulted.

Results: Because breastfeeding is associated with a decrease in neonatal morbidity (lower frequency of cardiovascular diseases, infectious, atopic or infantile obesity) (EL2) and an improvement in the cognitive development of children (EL2), exclusive and extended breastfeeding is recommended (grade B) between 4 to 6 months (Professional consensus).

Blood pressure variability in controlled and uncontrolled blood pressure and its association with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function.

High systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability has been associated with higher risk for target-organ damage. In a cross-sectional study done in a tertiary outpatient hypertension clinic, we compared short-term SBP variability among controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive patients and evaluated the association between higher levels of SBP variability and diastolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Patients were evaluated by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and transthoracic Doppler echocardiogram.

Are Retinal Vessels Calibers Influenced by Blood Pressure Measured at the Time of Retinography Acquisition?

Background: Retinal arterial narrowing is associated with higher office blood pressure (BP) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, but it is still unknown if the vessel caliber is associated with BP measured at the time of retinography acquisition.

Methods: Retinal arteriolar and venular calibers were measured by the microdensitometric method in 448 patients with hypertension. Participants underwent 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure (24-h ABP) monitoring simultaneously with the retinography acquisition.

Prehypertension is Associated With Abnormalities of Cardiac Structure and Function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Background: Prehypertension (blood pressure (BP) of 120-139 mm Hg systolic and/or 80-89 mm Hg diastolic) is highly prevalent and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Our goal was to investigate the extent to which prehypertension is associated with end-organ alterations in cardiac structure and function in a large biracial cohort of older men and women.

Methods: We studied 4,871 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study who attended visit 5 (2011-2013) and underwent two-dimensional echocardiography while free of prevalent coronary heart disease or heart failure.

Impact of at-home self-rehabilitation of the perineum on pelvic floor function in patients with stress urinary incontinence: Results from a prospective study using three-dimensional ultrasound.

Objective: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the first step of treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Patients must perform self-retraining exercises of the perineal muscles at home in order to maintain the benefit of the physiotherapy. The aim of this study is to assess the benefit of a perineal electro-stimulator, using three-dimensional ultrasound, during this home-care phase.

[Progesterone and prevention of preterm birth].

The literature confirms the interest of progesterone for prevention of preterm delivery in specific indications for patients carrying a singleton pregnancy. In contrast, randomized trials have shown no benefit using progesterone in the prevention of prematurity in twins and even an adverse effect.