Serotonin Signaling in Mouse Preimplantation Development: Insights from Transcriptomic and Structural-Functional Analyses.

Serotonin (5-HT), a versatile signaling molecule, plays a variety of roles in both neurotransmission and tissue regulation. The influence of serotonin on early development was first studied in marine invertebrate embryos and has since been documented in a variety of vertebrate species, including mammals. The present study investigates the expression and functional activity of serotonin components in mouse embryos, focusing on key receptors and transporters.

[Fluvoxamine in the treatment of anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders].

The RSCI and PubMed search databases have requested publications over the past 40 years on the search queries «fluvoxamine», «anxiety-depressive disorders», «anxiety», «depression», «comorbidity», devoted to the effectiveness of fluvoxamine in various variants of disorders of the anxiety-depressive spectrum, anxiety depressions. The data of the above studies indicate that fluvoxamine (Zovart San) in doses of 50-300 mg / day is a highly effective remedy for the treatment of not only anxiety depressions and genesis (psychogenic, organic, mixed, autochthonous-endogenous) and severity (up to psychotic), but also a wider range of anxiety-depressive disorders, including adaptation disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatized, dysmorphic, insomniac symptom complexes and eating disorders. A wide range of clinical effects of fluvoxamine is due to its main and additional mechanisms of action: blockade of serotonin reuptake, 1-agonist activity and the effect on the metabolism of melatonin and neurosteroids catabolism.

Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,4-Triazole-3-Thione Nucleosides Using Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase.

1,2,4-Triazole derivatives have a wide range of biological activities. The most well-known drug that contains 1,2,4-triazole as part of its structure is the nucleoside analogue ribavirin, an antiviral drug. Finding new nucleosides based on 1,2,4-triazole is a topical task.

[Multi-center open comparative randomized study of efficacy and safety of Akatinol Memantine 20 mg (single-doses) vs Akatinol Memantine 10 mg (double-doses) in patients with vascular dementia].

Objective: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the drug Acatinol Memantine, 20 mg (once daily) in comparison with the drug Acatinol Memantine, 10 mg (twice daily) in patients with moderate to moderate severe vascular dementia.

Material And Methods: The study included 130 patients aged 50-85 years of both sexes with instrumentally and clinically confirmed vascular dementia. The patients were randomized into 2 groups.

[Optimization of treatment of depression with administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (Mexicor)].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of Mexicor as an adjuvant in the treatment of depression with SSRI antidepressants.

Material And Methods: The study included 100 patients, aged 18-50 years, with verified depression of mild (=32) or moderate (=68) severity. Patients (=50) of the main group, along with basic antidepressant therapy with SSRIs, received Mexicor at a dose of 600 mg/day, in the comparison group (=50) - only SSRIs.

Synthesis and catalytic performance of nickel phosphinite pincer complexes in deoxygenative hydroboration of amides.

A series of imino-POCN, amino-POCN, and bis(phosphinite) POCOP pincer complexes of Ni(II) were prepared and tested in catalytic deoxygenative hydroboration of amides with HBPin to the corresponding amines. In contrast to the deoxygenative hydrosilylation approach, primarily developed for tertiary amides, superior reactivity in Ni-catalyzed deoxygenative hydroboration was demonstrated for secondary carboxamides. The bis(phosphinite) hydride complex (POCOP)NiH proved the most active in these reactions, tolerating potentially reducible functionalities such as internal alkenes, esters, nitriles, heteroaromatic compounds, and tertiary amides.

[Clinical aspects of the use of imidazopyridine derivatives in the treatment of sleep disorders associated with post-COVID syndrome].

In 2019, a pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus began. The fight against COVID-19 required the introduction of a number of restrictive measures, in particular the introduction of quarantine for the population and isolation of the sick, which, along with the direct effect of the virus on the nervous system, led to a significant spread of sleep disorders. In this regard, questions have become relevant about the choice of drugs for the correction of sleep disorders, about which sleeping pills will be safe in conditions of acute illness and during the recovery period after COVID-19.

Ion beam composition in ion source based on magnetron sputtering discharge at extremely low working pressure.

In an ion source based on a pulsed planar magnetron sputtering discharge with gas (argon) feed, the fraction of metal ions in the ion beam decreases with decreasing gas pressure, down to the minimum possible working pressure of the magnetron sputtering discharge. The use of a supplementary vacuum arc plasma injector provides stable operation of the pulsed magnetron sputtering discharge at extremely low pressure and without gas feed. Under these conditions, the pressure dependence of the gaseous ion fraction displays a maximum (is nonmonotonic).

Tissue homeostasis in sponges: Quantitative analysis of cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Tissues of multicellular animals are maintained due to a tight balance between cell proliferation and programmed cell death. Sponges are early branching metazoans essential to understanding the key mechanisms of tissue homeostasis. This article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of proliferation and apoptosis in intact tissues of two sponges, Halisarca dujardinii (class Demospongiae) and Leucosolenia variabilis (class Calcarea).

Direct C-H borylation of vinylporphyrins copper catalysis.

A method of direct borylation of vinyl-substituted porphyrinoids (porphyrins and chlorins) has been developed based on the copper catalyzed vinylic C-H activation. Ni(II) complexes of - and β-vinylporphyrinoids have been transformed to the corresponding pinacolboronated derivatives with good yields and high ()-stereoselectivity. The method provides an easy and direct access to the valuable synthons which were shown to act as nucleophylic partners in the Suzuki cross-coupling building tetrapyrrole derivatives with π-conjugation through the carbon-carbon double bond.

Design and Synthesis of New 5-aryl-4-Arylethynyl-1-1,2,3-triazoles with Valuable Photophysical and Biological Properties.

Cu-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of methyl 2-azidoacetate to iodobuta-1,3-diynes and subsequent Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling were used to synthesize new triazoles derivatives: 5-aryl-4-arylethynyl-1-1,2,3-triazoles. Investigation of their optical properties by using UV absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopies revealed that all molecules possess fluorescence properties with the values of the Stokes shift more than 100 nm. The photophysical behavior of the two most promising triazoles in polar and non-polar solvents was also studied.

[Astenic disorders within the framework of post-covid syndrome].

The direct neurotropic and neurotoxic effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the central nervous system, as well as the stressful effect of various factors of the COVID-19 pandemic, contribute to the development of the so-called post-COVID syndrome. The clinical picture of the syndrome includes asthenic, anxiety-asthenic, and depressive manifestations. When prescribing psychopharmacotherapy to patients who have undergone COVID-19, it is recommended to assess the potential benefits and risks in the aspect of using drugs not only with therapeutic antiasthenic and anxiolytic properties, but with minimally expressed undesirable effects and adverse drug interactions.

Pulsed vacuum arc plasma source of supersonic metal ion flow.

Supersonic plasma flows with densities of 10-10 cm find application in various fields of physics and technology such as surface modification, simulation of plasma impact in fusion facilities, and laboratory studies of space phenomena. The work outlined here describes a pulsed vacuum arc source of supersonic dense metal plasma flow. The design, working principle, features of the power supply circuit, and main parameters of the plasma source in relation to the parameter of the vacuum arc pulse are discussed.

[Treatment of depression with cognitive impairment].

Aim: To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of monotherapy with agomelatine (valdoxan) in depressive patients with marked cognitive impairment.

Material And Methods: Thirty-five patients (women 77.1%) were recruited to participate in the study.

[The differences in the estimation of depression severity by psychiatrists and patients during the combined treatment with agomelatine (a multicenter study "EMOTSIA")].

Aim: To compare the prognosis of depression severity estimated by the physician and by the patient based on the treatment outcome.

Material And Methods: One hundred and seven patients with depression were examined. Mental status was assessed with HАМ-D, SHAPS, CGI-S, CGI-I, PGI-S, PGI-I and VAS.

A vacuum spark ion source: High charge state metal ion beams.

High ion charge state is often important in ion beam physics, among other reasons for the very practical purpose that it leads to proportionately higher ion beam energy for fixed accelerating voltage. The ion charge state of metal ion beams can be increased by replacing a vacuum arc ion source by a vacuum spark ion source. Since the voltage between anode and cathode remains high in a spark discharge compared to the vacuum arc, higher metal ion charge states are generated which can then be extracted as an ion beam.

Lifetime of hydrogenated composite cathodes in a vacuum arc ion source.

The paper reports on a study of the mass-charge state of the plasma produced in a vacuum arc discharge with composite cathodes which were copper-disk coated with a hydrogenated Zr film of thicknesses 9, 22, and 35 μm. The cathodes allow the generation of multicomponent gas and metal ion beams with a hydrogen ion content from several to several tens of percent. Also investigated is the dependence of the H ion fraction in a beam on the Zr film thickness during erosion to the point of disappearance of Zr peaks in mass-charge spectra.

Boron ion beam generation utilizing lanthanum hexaboride cathodes: Comparison of vacuum arc and planar magnetron glow.

Boron ion beams are widely used for semiconductor ion implantation and for surface modification for improving the operating parameters and increasing the lifetime of machine parts and tools. For the latter application, the purity requirements of boron ion beams are not as stringent as for semiconductor technology, and a composite cathode of lanthanum hexaboride may be suitable for the production of boron ions. We have explored the use of two different approaches to boron plasma production: vacuum arc and planar high power impulse magnetron in self-sputtering mode.

[Augmented antipsychotic therapy with pantogam active in patients with schizophrenia].

Objective: to study the efficacy of the GABA-ergic drug pantogam active (D-, L-gopantenic acid) in patients with schizophrenia treated with typical neuroleptics and to assess the rate of treatment response and tolerability of the drug.

Material And Methods: A sample consisted of 70 patients with schizophrenia stratified into main (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. All patients received one of typical antipsychotics (haloperidol, zuclopenthixol, promazine or perphenazine).

[New possibilities of pharmacotherapy in cardiovascular patients with mental disorders].

Objective: To study the efficacy and tolerability of the drugs pantogam active and phenotropil in mild neurotic, somatoform, stress-induced and depressive disorders developed in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Material And Methods: The effect of pantogam active was assessed in an open study. The main group of patients (n=35) treated with phenotropil during 12 weeks was compared to the comparison group (n=35).

The role of inflammatory chemokines in lymphoid neoorganogenesis in breast cancer.

The expression profiling analysis of inflammatory chemokines and their receptors in newly formed lymph nodes in breast cancer was carried out. The analysis revealed the increase in expression of the genes CCL16, XCR1, CYFIP2, TNFSF14 and the reduction in expression of chemokine ligands CXCL5 and CXCL12 in tertiary lymphoid organs. The obtained results allow us to suggest that the process of induction of lymph nodes neogenesis is identical (in its key mechanisms) to the process of lymphoid tissue neogenesis in autoimmune diseases and in some infections, but may have different triggers.

[The dynamics of alteration of liquors' proteins under malignant neoplasms].

The article presents the results of analysis of lymph and blood in 78 patients with breast cancer of I, II. III and IV stages. The content of total protein, albumins, globulins and fibrinogens was detected to study the protein balance in biological liquors under various stages of cancer.

[Hypochondria circumscripta (to the problem of coenesthesiopathic paranoia)].

Hypochondria circumscripta manifests in patients with paranoial personality and signs of somatopsychic accentuation. A sample included 11 patients (6 men, 5 women, mean age 54 years) who referred to dermatologists or had been admitted to gastroenterological and psychiatric units. Pathokinesis of hypochondria circumscripta comprises three stages: idiopathic algias, overmastering sensations and possession of pain.

[Karyotype of Chukotka char from Estikhed Lake (Eastern Chukotka)].

The karyotype of chars from the Estikhed Lake (Eastern Chukotka) was examined. This karyotype comprises 78 chromosomes, NF = 98. Marker chromosomes include one pair of submetacentrics, one pair of large acrocentrics, and one pair of large subtelocentrics with very short second arms.