Favor referential representations.

Avrutin and Hickok (1993) argue that agrammatic patients have the ability to represent nonreferential or "government" chains ("who ...

Cultural paradoxes relating to sexuality and breastfeeding.

Despite the widely acknowledged evidence supporting the benefits of breastfeeding, the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding in the United States and other Western countries remain low. To investigate this phenomenon, we conducted an analysis of the socio-cultural factors that influence women's infant-feeding decisions and examined how breastfeeding is treated in the mass media and by U.S.

Histological changes in the skin of Rana pipiens produced by either KCl loading or fasting.

The present study was performed to determine if either potassium loading or fasting results in histological changes in the skin. Rana pipiens were loaded with KCl and skin biopsies obtained (Group I). These biopsies were compared with biopsies from NaCl loaded frogs (Group II).

Argument structure and association preferences in Spanish and English complex NPs.

Three questionnaire studies investigated Spanish and English readers' interpretations of sentences with complex noun phrases (NPs) such as "I really liked the preface of the book that I read yesterday." These complex NPs are ambiguous between two readings, one in which the relative clause (RC) that I read yesterday modifies the first noun, N1, preface, or the second noun, N2, book. Cuetos and Mitchell (Cognition, 1988, 30, 73-105) claimed that Spanish was biased toward having the RC modify N1, which they claimed was evidence against the cross-language universality of the late closure parsing principle.

Metabolic acidosis, prostaglandin E2 and insulin stimulates intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in isolated cells of toad urinary bladder.

It is well known that metabolic acidosis (MA), PGE2, and insulin stimulate H+ excretion in toad urinary bladder. In addition, PGE2 has been shown to increase in the toad bladder during MA. Our present experimental findings indicate that MA, PGE2 and insulin increase [Ca2+]i and this then may be the signal for stimulation of H+ excretion in this tissue.

Distinguishing tumor recurrence from irradiation sequelae with positron emission tomography in patients treated for larynx cancer.

Purpose: Distinguishing persistent or recurrent tumor from postradiation edema, or soft tissue/cartilage necrosis in patients treated for carcinoma of the larynx can be difficult. Because recurrent tumor is often submucosal, multiple deep biopsies may be necessary before a diagnosis can be established. Positron emission tomography with 18F-2fluoro-2deoxyglucose (FDG) was studied for its ability to aid in this problem.

Personality and coping among caregivers of spouses with dementia.

Personality factors and coping strategies were examined among a sample of spouse caregivers. Fifty spouse caregivers of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia completed the NEO-FFI, a personality inventory designed to measure traits identified in the five-factor trait model, and a revised measure of the Ways of Coping Checklist. Results from a series of multivariate regressions showed that personality traits explained 60% of the variance in emotion-focused coping, 30% of variance in problem-focused coping, and 15% of variance associated with social support coping.

Stimulation of phosphoinositides by agents that stimulate proton secretion in toad urinary bladder.

The urinary bladder of Bufo marinus excretes H+ and this excretion is increased by metabolic acidosis (MA), insulin (IN), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), increases CO2, and aldosterone. The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether MA, IN, PGE2, CO2, and aldosterone stimulate inositol phosphate's (IP) formation in isolated cells of toad urinary bladder. Cells were prepared by treating bladder sacs with collagenase.

Processing discontinuous words: on the interface between lexical and syntactic processing.

How are discontinuous words processed? Are they identified in the lexicon or in the syntax? Schreuder (1990) proposes the existence of morphological integration nodes (MI nodes) to account for the representation of complex verbs with separable prefixes in Dutch. We tested the MI model during sentence processing in Dutch, using an ungrammaticality judgment task. The results supported the predictions of the Schreuder model, and also provide evidence for distinct lexical/morphological and syntactic processing subsystems, each driven by the information resources and tasks relevant to its own representational vocabulary.

The effect of aldosterone on phospholipid and phosphoinositide metabolism in rat submandibular gland.

It is well known that aldosterone stimulates Na+ transport in epithelia, including rat submandibular salivary gland. Aldosterone affects cells by causing nuclear-directed synthesis of aldosterone-induced protein. That protein then exerts its effect by: (1) phospholipid remodelling of the cell membrane (increasing permeability to Na+); (2) stimulating the Na+ pump; or (3) increasing ATP production by mitochondria.

Processing Dutch sentence structures.

This paper summarizes existing research on syntactic processing of Dutch sentences by adult native speakers of the language, with an eye to the implications of this work for a general theory of the human sentence processing mechanism (HSPM). The principles underlying the assignment of phrase structure and the binding of traces seem to be the same as those proposed for languages like English or Italian. For example, no delays of analysis exist in parsing the constituents of a phrase even if the phrase is head-final.

The unit of analysis error in studies about physicians' patient care behavior.

Objective: To estimate the frequency with which patients are incorrectly used as the unit of analysis among statistical calculations in published studies of physicians' patient care behavior.

Design: Retrospective review of studies published during 1980-1990. ARTICLES: 54 articles retrieved by a computerized search using medical subject headings for physicians and study characteristics.

A gamma delta+ T-cell leukemia bearing a novel t(8;14)(q24;q11) translocation demonstrates spontaneous in vitro natural killer-like activity.

A highly malignant human T-cell leukemia was identified by cell surface analysis as a member of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma delta lineage. Cytogenetic and molecular analysis showed a novel t(8;14)(q24;q11) rearrangement involving the J delta 1 gene segment on chromosome 14 and the distal end of chromosome 8 near the c-myc proto-oncogene locus. The gamma delta TCR of the leukemia blasts was functionally intact and could be activated to generate intracellular calcium flux and to target Fc receptor-mediated redirected tumor cell lysis.

Thematic analysis in agrammatic comprehension: syntactic structures and task demands.

Aphasics' ability to assign thematic roles during sentence comprehension was investigated. The study was motivated by the hypothesis that capacity limitations, e.g.

Object recognition by component features: are there age differences.

This study extended aspects of Biederman's (1987) recognition-by-components (RBC) theory to the analysis of age differences in the recognition of incomplete visually-presented objects. RBC theory predicts that objects are recognizable or recoverable under conditions of fragmentation if a sufficient amount of essential structural information remains available. Objects are rendered nonrecoverable by the omission or obstruction of essential structural features at vertices and areas of concavity.

Can physician education lower the cost of prescription drugs? A prospective, controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether an educational program featuring a drug cost manual can assist physicians in reducing their patients' out-of-pocket prescription drug expenses.

Design: Prospective controlled trial.

Setting: A general internal medicine-teaching clinic in a university hospital.

Teaching occupational and environmental medicine in primary care residency training programs: experience using three approaches during 1984-1991.

There is a critical shortage of physicians trained to recognize and treat occupational and environmental health problems. We implemented several required teaching programs for internal medicine and family medicine residents that focus on providing primary care for these problems. Clinical experiences were developed using the university and medical center as an example of a workplace with chemical and physical hazards.

Stimulation of membrane phospholipid metabolism by agents that increase acidification in toad urinary bladder.

Previous reports have indicated that metabolic acidosis stimulates H+ excretion, and this excretion is accompanied by an increased turnover of phospholipids (PL) in toad urinary bladder. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if other known stimulators of H+ excretion [insulin, deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA), epinephrine, parathyroid hormone, and CO2] might also stimulate PL turnover in the toad urinary bladder. Quarter bladders from normal toads were removed, weighed, and then incubated with [32P]orthophosphate for 2 hr at 25 degrees C.

Prostaglandin regulation of H+ secretion in amphibian epithelia.

The role of prostaglandins in regulating H+ excretion in amphibian epithelia was investigated. The abdominal skin of the southern leopard frog Rana pipiens and the urinary bladder of the toad Bufo marinus were used to measure proton excretion across their mucosal surface. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of H+ excretion across the frog skin.