Expanding a Health Technology Solution to Address Therapist Challenges in Implementing Homework With Adult Clients: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Homework is implemented with variable effectiveness in real-world therapy settings, indicating a need for innovative solutions to homework challenges. We developed Adhere.ly, a user-friendly, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant web-based platform to help therapists implement homework with youth clients and their caregivers.

Introduction and accuracy assessment of Nicolab's StrokeViewer in a developing stroke thrombectomy UK service. a service development/improvement project.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) software in a quaternary stroke centre as well as assess the accuracy and efficacy of StrokeViewer software in large vessel occlusion detection and its potential impact on radiological workflow.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected during two separate three-month periods comparing the accuracy rate of StrokeViewer in detection of large vessel occlusion to that of a junior registrar. During the first three months, 37 cases were identified and during the second leg, 47.

Open-label, controlled, phase 2 clinical trial assessing the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of INM004 in pediatric patients with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a severe condition mainly affecting children. It is one of the leading causes of acute kidney injury in the pediatric population. There is no established therapy for this disease.

Towards Reducing Diagnostic Errors with Interpretable Risk Prediction.

Many diagnostic errors occur because clinicians cannot easily access relevant information in patient Electronic Health Records (EHRs). In this work we propose a method to use LLMs to identify pieces of evidence in patient EHR data that indicate increased or decreased risk of specific diagnoses; our ultimate aim is to increase access to evidence and reduce diagnostic errors. In particular, we propose a Neural Additive Model to make predictions backed by evidence with individualized risk estimates at time-points where clinicians are still uncertain, aiming to specifically mitigate delays in diagnosis and errors stemming from an incomplete differential.

The effect of air pollution on hospitalizations with Parkinson's disease among medicare beneficiaries nationwide.

We examined the effect of annual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and ozone (O), on the rate of first hospitalization with a PD-related diagnosis (hospitalization with PD) among Medicare Fee-for-Service beneficiaries (2001-2016). Machine learning-derived annual air pollution concentrations were linked to residential ZIP codes. For each exposure, we fitted four models: 1) traditional outcome stratification, 2) marginal structural, 3) doubly robust, and 4) generalized propensity score matching Poisson regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic and meteorological confounders and long-term trends.

Author Correction: Everyday Uses of Music Listening and Music Technologies by Caregivers and People With Dementia: Survey and Focus Group Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/54186.].

Everyday Uses of Music Listening and Music Technologies by Caregivers and People With Dementia: Survey and Focus Group Study.

Background: Music has long been identified as a nonpharmacological tool that can provide benefits for people with dementia, and there is considerable interest in designing technologies to support the use of music in dementia care. However, to ensure that music technologies are appropriately designed for supporting caregivers and people living with dementia, there remains a need to better understand how music is currently used in everyday dementia care at home.

Objective: This study aims to understand how people living with dementia and their caregivers use music and music technologies in everyday caring, as well as the challenges they experience using music and technology.

Quantifying physical activity, physical education and active travel in children and adolescents with visual Impairments.

Background: Meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines for children, as set out by the World Health Organisation (WHO), has a range of physical and mental health benefits. For children who are blind or vision impaired (BVI), additional benefits include social inclusion and reduced falls risk. While previous research has demonstrated low PA levels across most demographics, little research has been done in the Irish context to quantify PA in children who are BVI.

Allele-Selective Thiomorpholino Antisense Oligonucleotides as a Therapeutic Approach for Fused-in-Sarcoma Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Pathogenic variations in the fused in sarcoma () gene are associated with rare and aggressive forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As FUS-ALS is a dominant disease, a targeted, allele-selective approach to knockdown is most suitable. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) are a promising therapeutic platform for treating such diseases.

A mixed methods evaluation of the music and psychology and social connections (MAPS) pilot - A dyadic intervention for couples affected by young-onset dementia.

Introduction: People living with young-onset dementia and their care-partners are at risk of a range of adverse mental health outcomes and social isolation. There are few interventions aimed at supporting couples affected by young-onset dementia, which poses unique psychosocial challenges for younger people.

Methodology: This pre-post interventional mixed methods pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an online group program for people with young-onset dementia and their care-partners living at home in Australia.

Tracking protein-protein interactions by NMR: conformational selection in human steroidogenic cytochrome P450 CYP17A1 induced by cytochrome .

The human steroidogenic cytochrome P450 CYP17A1 catalyzes two types of reactions in the biosynthetic pathway leading from pregnenolone to testosterone and several other steroid hormones. The first is the hydroxylation of pregnenolone or progesterone to the corresponding 17α-hydroxy steroid, followed by a lyase reaction that converts these 17α-hydroxy intermediates to the androgens dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione, respectively. cytochrome (cyt) is known to act as both an effector and electron donor for the lyase oxidations, markedly stimulating the rate of the lyase reaction in its presence relative to the rate in its absence.

Sex differences in the acute effects of oral THC: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover human laboratory study.

Rationale: Recent reports have shown increased cannabis use among women, leading to growing concerns about cannabis use disorder (CUD). While there is preclinical evidence suggesting biological sex influences cannabinoid effects, human research remains scant. We investigated sex differences in the acute response to oral tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in humans.

Psilocybin pulse regimen reduces cluster headache attack frequency in the blinded extension phase of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we observed a nonsignificant reduction of attack frequency in cluster headache after pulse administration of psilocybin (10 mg/70 kg, 3 doses, 5 days apart each). We carried out a blinded extension phase to consider the safety and efficacy of repeating the pulse regimen.

Methods: Eligible participants returned to receive a psilocybin pulse at least 6 months after their first round of study participation.

The "psychiatric" neuron: the psychic neuron of the cerebral cortex, revisited.

Nearly 25 years ago, Dr. Patricia Goldman-Rakic published her review paper, "The 'Psychic' Neuron of the Cerebral Cortex," outlining the circuit-level dynamics, neurotransmitter systems, and behavioral correlates of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex, particularly as they relate to working memory. In the decades since the release of this paper, the existing literature and our understanding of the pyramidal neuron have increased tremendously, and research is still underway to better characterize the role of the pyramidal neuron in both healthy and psychiatric disease states.

Competence By Design: a transformational national model of time-variable competency-based postgraduate medical education.

Postgraduate medical education is an essential societal enterprise that prepares highly skilled physicians for the health workforce. In recent years, PGME systems have been criticized worldwide for problems with variable graduate abilities, concerns about patient safety, and issues with teaching and assessment methods. In response, competency based medical education approaches, with an emphasis on graduate outcomes, have been proposed as the direction for 21st century health profession education.

Investigating physical activity levels in adults who are blind and vision impaired.

Background: It is well established that meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines has a range of physical and mental health benefits. For people who are blind and vision impaired (BVI) there may be additional benefits in terms of social inclusion and the prevention of sight deterioration.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify PA levels, barriers to and motivators for PA in adults who are BVI.

Unstable bradycardia induced by posterior nasal packing: a rare activation of the Trigeminocardiacreflex.

A woman in her 40s presented to the emergency department with epistaxis. Anterior nasal packing was unsuccessful in achieving haemostasis. After the exchange of devices and insertion of a posterior nasal pack, the patient developed a junctional rhythm and progressively unstable bradycardia.

Home-based family caregiver-delivered music and reading interventions for people living with dementia (HOMESIDE trial): an international randomised controlled trial.

Background: Music interventions provided by qualified therapists within residential aged care are effective at attenuating behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) of people with dementia (PwD). The impact of music interventions on dementia symptom management when provided by family caregivers is unclear.

Methods: We implemented a community-based, large, pragmatic, international, superiority, single-masked randomised controlled trial to evaluate if caregiver-delivered music was superior to usual care alone (UC) on reducing BPSD of PwD measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q).

Sex Differences in the Acute Effects of Oral THC: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Human Laboratory Study.

Rationale: Recent reports have shown increased cannabis use among women, leading to growing concerns about cannabis use disorder (CUD). Some evidence suggests a faster progression to addiction in women, known as the "telescoping effect." While there is preclinical evidence suggesting biological sex influences cannabinoid effects, human research remains scant.

Safety of dual antiplatelet therapy using aspirin and low-dose Prasugrel with platelet reactivity testing in flow diverter treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is standard care for intracranial stenting to prevent thrombotic complications. Clopidogrel resistance has resulted in patients receiving newer P2Y12 inhibitors like Prasugrel, which may reduce thrombotic complications but could increase haemorrhagic complications. This study, utilising platelet reactivity testing, compared thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications associated with Clopidogrel or 20 mg Prasugrel loading in patients treated with flow diverters (FD) for intracranial aneurysms.

The Effects of Organizational Characteristics, Individual Nurse Characteristics, and Occupational Fatigue on Missed Care at Night.

Background: Missed care is defined as the omission or delay of necessary patient care and is internationally reported by nurses as a significant safety risk. Nurses working at night also report high levels of occupational fatigue that, coupled with inadequate staffing and practice environment support, may impede a nurse's ability to carry out the nursing process and lead to more missed care.

Objective: The study's objective was to examine the interrelationships among organizational and nurse characteristics, occupational fatigue, and missed care among nurses working at night.

Examining the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on performance of the sustained attention to response task in children with an FASD.

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), the leading known cause of childhood developmental disability, has long-lasting effects extending throughout the lifespan. It is well documented that children prenatally exposed to alcohol have difficulties inhibiting behavior and sustaining attention. Thus, the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), a Go/No-go paradigm, is especially well suited to assess the behavioral and neural functioning characteristics of children with PAE.