Single-centre experience of transbronchial cryobiopsy as a first choice method for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease is based on clinical and biological analysis associated with computed tomography (CT) pattern after discussion in multidisciplinary discussion. Lung transbronchial cryobiopsy has emerged with acceptable diagnostic reliability and low morbidity and mortality. The goal of our work is to describe our experience with lung cryobiopsy.

How did we take care of our older cancer patients during the first COVID-19 wave? The French experience.

Background: The management of older cancer patients has been highly challenging for clinicians in a health-care system operating at maximum capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed data from 9 different institutions. The primary endpoint was to assess the prevalence of adapted patient care during the pandemic for elderly cancer patients.

Evaluation of medical practices in oncology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in France: Physicians' point of view: the PRATICOVID study.

The cancer population seems to be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection and have worse outcomes. We had to adapt our medical practice to protect our patients without compromising their cancer prognosis. The national PRATICOVID study aims to describe the adaptation of cancer patient care for this population.

2010 French SPILF-AFSSAPS guiding criteria for Streptococcuspneumoniae acute community-acquired pneumonia: Evaluation in patients of the PACSCAN-ESCAPED cohort.

Objective: To assess the proportion of patients meeting the 2010 SPILF-AFSSAPS guiding criteria for Streptococcuspneumoniae in patients consulting at the emergency departments of four French university hospitals for acute community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) suspicion.

Patients And Methods: The PACSCAN study prospectively included 319 patients. Medical history, clinical, biological, and radiological presentations were collected.

Evaluation of pneumococcal urinary antigen testing for respiratory tract infection investigations.

Objective: The pneumococcal urinary antigen test enables rapid bacteriological diagnosis in respiratory tract infections. The objective was to identify factors associated with a positive pneumococcal urinary antigen test result.

Patients And Methods: This seven-year retrospective monocentric study was performed on consecutive patients presenting with respiratory tract infections reported as pneumococcal-positive.

[Disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia nova with brain abscesses and osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent patient].

Introduction: Nocardia is an opportunist bacteria involved in patients with cellular immunodepression or chronic lung disease. The most frequent portals of entry are the respiratory tract by inhalation or direct inoculation through a cutaneous effraction. Nocardiosis may be localised or disseminated.

[Medical prevention and treatment of radiation-induced pulmonary complications].

Radiation-induced lung injuries mainly include the (acute or sub-acute) radiation pneumonitis, the lung fibrosis and the bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). The present review aims at describing the diagnostic process, the current physiopathological knowledge, and the available (non dosimetric) preventive and curative treatments. Radiation-induced lung injury is a diagnosis of exclusion, since clinical, radiological, or biological pathognomonic evidences do not exist.

Viruses detected by systematic multiplex polymerase chain reaction in adults with suspected community-acquired pneumonia attending emergency departments in France.

Unlabelled: Infectious agents associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are under-studied. This study attempted to identify viruses from the upper respiratory tract in adults visiting emergency departments for clinically suspected CAP. Adults with suspected CAP enrolled in the ESCAPED study (impact of computed tomography on CAP diagnosis) had prospective nasopharyngeal (NP) samples studied by multiplex PCR (targeting 15 viruses and four intracellular bacteria).

Hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone for prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (Corti-TC): a double-blind, multicentre phase 3, randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia is common after traumatic brain injury, and might be partly a result of traumatic brain injury-induced adrenal insufficiency. We tested the efficacy of low-dose hydrocortisone with fludrocortisone for the prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia.

Methods: We did this double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled trial in 19 intensive care units in France.

Propofol versus thiopental by target controlled infusion in patients undergoing craniotomy.

Background: For decades thiopental has been considered as the hypnotic drug of choice for intracranial surgery. However, total intravenous anesthesia performed with thiopental is associated with delayed recovery, whereas early post-operative neurological evaluation is critical. For this reason, target controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol is increasingly used for maintenance of anesthesia.

[Results and lessons of an innovating chemotherapy-induced nauseas and vomiting management strategy].

Current chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting management guidelines recommend taking into account the emetogenic potential of the chemotherapy employed as well as individual risk factors to such effects. We performed an interventional prospective study to assess the impact of an innovating therapeutic optimization strategy. The latter combines current guidelines application to a specific consultation in order to individualize the treatment.

[The non-surgical treatment of lung cancer].

Advances in the treatment of lung cancer concern mainly non-small cell cancers. Surgery, radiotherapy or drugs are offered alone or in combination depending on the patient and the extent of the disease. Involved in their implementation, the oncology nurse supports the patient throughout his or her treatment pathway.

Outbreak of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in an intensive care unit (Brest).

Introduction: We had for aim to describe control and investigation of an outbreak caused by a strain of Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in intensive care units of the Brest teaching hospital.

Patients And Method: The case definition was a patient infected by or carrying the epidemic strain. Control measures and investigations are presented.

Dobutamine-induced high cardiac index did not prevent vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Prevention of vasospasm is a challenging issue in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients and the objective is to compare high dobutamine-induced cardiac index (CI) and high norepinephrine-induced hypertension for the prevention of vasospasm in SAH patients.

Methods: Single center, single blind, controlled randomized study. Patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) for a moderate to severe SAH (WFNS grade ≥2) were randomized to receive dobutamine to reach a 25 % increase in cardiac index or norepinephrine to reach a mean arterial pressure ≥100 mmHg.

[Bifocal lung cancer: the same histology?].

Whereas synchronous lung cancer is rare, synchronous small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are exceptional. The authors report the case of a 61-year-old man with synchronous unilateral adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer, raising the question as to the need for the histology of all of the lesions in the same lobe or same lung as well as the treatment. The medical history, biology, CT and (18)F-FDG TEP-CT did not support a diagnosis of synchronous lung cancer.

Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with multiple trauma: the randomized controlled HYPOLYTE study.

Context: The role of stress-dose hydrocortisone in the management of trauma patients is currently unknown.

Objective: To test the efficacy of hydrocortisone therapy in trauma patients.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled HYPOLYTE (Hydrocortisone Polytraumatise) study.

[Pulmonary fibrosis and arterial hypertension revealing a chronic pulmonary schistosomiasis. An unusual diagnosis in Europe].

We report on the case of a Senegalese woman who was hospitalised in Paris for dyspnea on exertion, revealing pulmonary fibrosis and arterial hypertension. With no evident etiology of this fibrosis, a surgical pulmonary biopsy was performed and revealed granulomatosis due to schistosomiasis. Diagnosis of chronic pulmonary schistosomiasis was obtained.

Propofol versus sevoflurane for fiberoptic intubation under spontaneous breathing anesthesia in patients difficult to intubate.

Background: The most recommended technique for the management of patients with a difficult airway is fiberoptic intubation (FOI). The aim of this study was to compare propofol and sevoflurane for FOI performance in patients who were difficult to intubate.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients scheduled for maxillo-facial surgery were included in this prospective, randomized study.

[Second-line therapy in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. A French retrospective study (2005-2006)].

Background: The role of second-line chemotherapy (SLC) has still not been established in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) but SLC is increasingly used because many patients are still fit at the time of the progression of the disease.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the authors reviewed their experience with SLC in pemetrexed-pretreated patients with MPM at two French thoracic oncology units (institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, and hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart).

Results: Between January 2005 and December 2006, 84 consecutive patients with progressing MPM after pemetrexed chemotherapy were enrolled.

[Role of chest physician in the management of patient with thoracic trauma].

Thoracic traumas are frequent and potentially fatal, because of the associated neurological and abdominal lesions. They are observed in car crashes, combat environments and urban terrorist bombings. The mechanisms of the traumatic injury are complex and account for the diversity of the lesions.

[What is the role of FDG-PET in thoracic oncology in 2010?].

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography (FGD-PET) has been considered to have a major impact on the management of lung malignancies since the beginning of this century. Its value has been demonstrated by many publications, meta-analysis and European/American/Japanese recommendations. PET combined with computed tomography has provided useful information regarding the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer and allows for the delivery of adaptive radiotherapy.

Intracerebral hemorrhage related to systemic gas embolism during hysteroscopy.

Iatrogenic gas embolism is a rare but serious problem that has been documented in almost all medical specialties including gynecology. We present a 49-year-old woman undergoing operative hysteroscopy and myomectomy, who sustained sudden hypotension and decrease in the end-tidal carbon dioxid levels during the procedure. Systemic gas embolism was confirmed by echocardiographic evidence of bubbles in both right and left cardiac cavities and a rise of troponin.