Experimental and numerical study of different mode-locking techniques in holmium fiber laser with a ring cavity.

Experimental and numerical study has been performed for three techniques of mode-locking in all-fiber Holmium laser. We have compared the fundamental repetition rate pulsed generation for mode-locking based on: nonlinear polarization evolution, polymer-free single-walled carbon nanotubes, and hybrid mode-locking. Experimental and numerical simulation results demonstrated the shortest pulse duration and maximum spectrum width for mode-locking based on the nonlinear polarization evolution: 1.

Dumbbell-Shaped Ho-Doped Fiber Laser Mode-Locked by Polymer-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Saturable Absorber.

We propose a simple dumbbell-shaped scheme of a Holmium-doped fiber laser incorporating a minimum number of optical elements. Mode-locking regimes were realized with the help of polymer-free single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) synthesized using an aerosol (floating catalyst) CVD method. We show that such a laser scheme is structurally simple and more efficient than a conventional one using a ring cavity and a similar set of optical elements.

Expression of the NUP153 and YWHAB genes from their canonical promoters and alternative promoters of the LINE-1 retrotransposon in the placenta of the first trimester of pregnancy.

The placenta has a unique hypomethylated genome. Due to this feature of the placenta, there is a potential possibility of using regulatory elements derived from retroviruses and retrotransposons, which are suppressed by DNA methylation in the adult body. In addition, there is an abnormal increase in the level of methylation of the LINE-1 retrotransposon in the chorionic trophoblast in spontaneous abortions with both normal karyotype and aneuploidy on different chromosomes, which may be associated with impaired gene transcription using LINE-1 regulatory elements.

Natural Nanoclay-Based Silver-Phosphomolybdic Acid Composite with a Dual Antimicrobial Effect.

The problem of microbial growth on various surfaces has increased concern in society in the context of antibiotic misuse and the spreading of hospital infections. Thus, the development of new, antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies is required to combat bacteria resistant to usual antibiotic treatments. This work reports a new method for producing an antibiotic-free antibacterial halloysite-based nanocomposite with silver nanoparticles and phosphomolybdic acid as biocides, which can be used as components of smart antimicrobial coatings.

Trajectories of antidepressant use and characteristics associated with trajectory groups among young refugees and their Swedish-born peers with diagnosed common mental disorders-findings from the REMAIN study.

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) identify the trajectories of prescribed antidepressants in refugee youth and matched Swedish-born peers diagnosed with common mental disorder (CMD) and (2) characterize the trajectories according to sociodemographic and medical factors.

Methods: The study population comprised 2,198 refugees and 12,199 Swedish-born individuals with both Swedish-born parents, aged 16-25 years in 2011, residing in Sweden and treated in specialised healthcare for CMD 2009-11. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify different trajectory groups of antidepressant use-based on annual defined daily dosages (DDDs).

Detection of bacterial colonization by the spectral changes of surface-enhanced Raman reporters.

In times of widespread multiple antibiotic resistance, the bacterial colonization of crucial medical surfaces should be detected as fast as possible. In this work, we present the non-destructive SERS method for the detection of bacterial colonization. SERS is an excellent tool for the monitoring of suitable substances in low concentrations.

Parental age and risk of depression: A nationwide, population-based case-control study.

Background: The global prevalence of depression has increased in recent decades and so has the average age of parenthood. Younger and older parental age have been associated with several mental disorders in their offspring, but the associations for depression have been inconsistent.

Methods: This study comprised 37,682 singleton births in Finland from 1987- 2007.

Cumulative incidences of hospital-treated psychiatric disorders are increasing in five Finnish birth cohorts.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore changes in the incidences of childhood and early adulthood hospital-treated psychiatric disorders in five large Finnish birth cohorts of individuals born between 1966 and 1997.

Methods: The five birth cohorts were as follows: Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC 1966) and 1986 (NFBC 1986), 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort (FBC 1987) and 1997 (FBC 1997), and Finnish 1981 Birth Cohort Study (FBCS 1981). Incidences of hospital-treated psychiatric disorders in each cohort were calculated separately for males (N = 71,209) and females (N = 65,190).

All-fiber 1125 nm spectrally selected subnanosecond source.

In this paper, we demonstrate the selection of radiation from the stimulated Raman scattered radiation, while using a spectral filter, based on a high-reflection fiber Bragg grating and an optical circulator. As a result, a stable pulsed signal was obtained at a wavelength of 1125 nm with a repetition rate of 1 MHz. The pulse duration and energy varied from 120 to 173 ps and 9 to 15 nJ, respectively, depending on the operating regimes of the master oscillator and amplifier.

Preterm Birth Is Associated With Depression From Childhood to Early Adulthood.

Objective: There have been inconsistent findings on the associations among prematurity, poor fetal growth, and depression. We examined the associations among gestational age, poor fetal growth, and depression in individuals aged 5 to 25 years.

Method: We identified 37,682 case subjects based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 2961 and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes F32.

Time trends in the incidence of diagnosed depression among people aged 5-25 years living in Finland 1995-2012.

Knowledge of time trends for depression is important for disease prevention and healthcare planning. Only a few studies have addressed these questions regarding the incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression from childhood to early adulthood and findings have been inconclusive. The aim of this national register-based Finnish study was to report the time trends of the age-specific and gender-specific incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression.

The Finnish psychiatric birth cohort consortium (PSYCOHORTS) - content, plans and perspectives.

Psychiatric disorders tend to be developmental, and longitudinal settings are required to examine predictors of psychiatric phenomena. Replicating and combining data and results from different birth cohorts, which are a source of reliable data, can make research even more valuable. The Finnish Psychiatric Birth Cohort Consortium PSYCOHORTS) project combines birth cohorts in Finland.

Early Motor Developmental Milestones and Schizotypy in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort Study 1966.

Delayed motor developmental milestones have been reported to be associated with schizophrenia in previous studies, but no study has examined the relationship between early motor developmental milestones and schizotypy. We have examined this relationship in a prospective birth cohort.In the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, data on 9 early motor developmental milestones were collected prospectively from visits to child welfare centers, and data on adult schizotypy were collected through a questionnaire (N = 4557-4674).

Living environment and its relationship to depressive mood: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: The notion that environment affects mental health has a long history; in this systematic review, we aimed to study whether the living environment is related to depressive mood.

Methods: We searched databases of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for population-based original studies prior to October 2016. We included studies that measured depressive symptoms or depression and had measures of urbanization, population density, aesthetics of living environment, house/built environment, green areas, walkability, noise, air pollution or services.

Optical properties of animal tissues in the wavelength range from 350 to 2600 nm.

The optical properties of different cow and pig biological tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose, spinal cord, and dura mater of the spinal cord were investigated in the spectral range of 350 to 2600 nm. The measurements were carried out by a commercially available spectrophotometer SHIMADZU UV 3101PC. The wavelength dependence on the scattering coefficient has been observed to follow a power-law decay for skeletal muscle and dura mater of spinal cord.

Early motor developmental milestones and schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that impaired brain development is a cause of the illness. Early motor developmental milestones, such as learning to walk, are predictors of later schizophrenia but studies have not been systematically reviewed. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the association between early motor developmental milestones and the risk of adult schizophrenia.

A comparison of the cumulative incidence and early risk factors for psychotic disorder in young adults in the Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986.

Aims: Few studies have compared time trends for the incidence of psychosis. To date, the results have been inconsistent, showing a decline, an increase or no significant change. As far as we know, no studies explored changes in prevalence of early risk factors.

Twenty Years of Schizophrenia Research in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966: A Systematic Review.

Birth cohort designs are useful in studying adult disease trajectories and outcomes, such as schizophrenia. We review the schizophrenia research performed in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC 1966), which includes 10,934 individuals living in Finland at 16 years of age who have been monitored since each mother's mid-pregnancy. By the age of 44, 150 (1.

Study of correlation between state and composition of lipid phase and change in erythrocytes structure under induction of oxidative processes.

We investigated human blood erythrocytes under oxidative stress in vitro and established a correlation between composition and state of lipids and changes in erythrocytes structure under induced oxidative stress. These changes may serve as an indicator of not only the erythrocyte state but of systemic processes that occur at the level of the whole organism, including various pathologies as well. We found that a pyrimidine derivative xymedon used in the present study is an effective inhibitor of oxidative processes.

[Immune status of patients with chronic tonsillitis before and after tonsillectomy].

Immune status was examined before and after tonsillectomy in 35 patients with various forms of chronic tonsillitis (CT). Measurements were made of main lymphocyte populations, IgA, IgG, IgM levels, functional activity of neutrophils, titers of antibodies to opportunistic microorganisms of the upper airways. It is shown that tonsillectomy produces positive changes in some immunological indices: serum IgG normalized, titers of antibodies to Haemophillus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and streptolysin-0 lowered, initially low count of B-lymphocytes, natural killers, T-helpers rose, neutrophil chemiluminescence normalized.

[Clinico-immunological effectiveness of likopid in conservative treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis and chronic sinusitis].

30 patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) and 20 patients with chronic sinusitis (CS) received likopid (4 mg/day for 10 days). CT patients were additionally treated with tonsil lacunar lavage with dioxidine solution. Likopid was found effective in CT patients (good response--31%, partial response--59%).

[The effect of various protein kinase inhibitors on the response of snail neurons to the intracellular injection of cAMP].

Drugs preventing cAMP interaction with regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, tolbutamide and db-cAMP injected into neurons of Helix lucorum decreased the cell response to cAMP, but H-8-a potent inhibitor of this enzyme catalytic subunit did not produce such effect. It is suggested that the neuron electric response to cAMP injection is not caused by protein phosphorylation.