Relationships between Brucella ovis semen culture and various semen and serology parameters.

Semen and blood samples from 154 rams from two Montana range flocks (Flock A, vaccinated for Brucella ovis ; Flock B, nonvaccinated) were evaluated to determine the relationship between Brucella ovis (B. ovis ) semen culture results and various semen and blood parameters. All rams utilized in this study exhibited no palpable ram epididymitis lesions.

Vaccination of pregnant guinea pigs with Campylobacter fetus: effects of antigen dose, Campylobacter strain, and adjuvant type.

For the purpose of developing and improving vaccines to protect cattle against bovine genital campylobacteriosis, the interaction of vaccine dose, strain(s) of Campylobacter fetus, and type of adjuvant was studied in the pregnant guinea pig model. Five strains of C fetus were used in the preparation of 20 monovalent vaccines containing various doses of bacteria (0.1 mg to 20 mg, dry weight) in Freund incomplete adjuvant, Freund complete adjuvant, or aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant.

Inhibition of growth and swarming of Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris by triclosan.

The MICs of triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether) and the effect on swarming were determined for 35 isolates of Proteus mirabilis and 7 isolates of P. vulgaris of animal origin. Both species were susceptible to the antimicrobial agent, and growth of all but one isolate was inhibited by less than 1 microgram/ml in broth and on agar without blood.

Bulk growth procedures and a button agglutination test for Campylobacter.

Bulk-cell yields were obtained from 4 Campylobacter spp incubated aerobically without the use of a special atmosphere. A button agglutination test was developed for quantitation of blood serum antibodies against C fetus subsp venerealis, C fetus subsp fetus, C jejuni, and "C hyointestinalis." The test was sensitive, and different individuals reading it usually attained the same titers.

Genetic relationship between "Campylobacter fecalis" and Campylobacter sputorum subsp. bubulus.

Nine strains of "Campylobacter fecalis" were compared with two references strains of C. sputorum subsp. bubulus considering DNA base composition and DNA-DNA-hybridization.

Isolation of Bacteroides fragilis from the feces of diarrheic calves and lambs.

A selective medium was developed for the isolation of Bacteroides fragilis directly from ovine and bovine fecal samples. The medium (tryptose blood agar plus polymyxin B, triclosan (Irgasan), novobiocin, and nalidixic acid) permitted growth of B. fragilis and several other species of Bacteroides but inhibited growth of most other intestinal bacteria.

Prevalence of enteric pathogens in the feces of healthy beef calves.

Fecal specimens from 136 healthy beef calves (1 day to 12 weeks of age) were examined for the presence of infectious agents known to cause enteric disease in calves. The calves were selected from 22 herds in which all calves were free of clinically apparent enteric disease. Salmonella sp, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium, and coronavirus were not detected in any of the calves.

Bacteroides fragilis: a possible cause of acute diarrheal disease in newborn lambs.

Bacteroides fragilis with enterotoxin-like activity (BFEL) was isolated from the feces of 24- to 48-h-old lambs with acute diarrheal disease on three different sheep ranches in the Northern Rocky Mountain region of the United States. The lamb intestinal loop test was used to enrich for the bacterium before its initial isolation. Pure cultures of B.

Campylobacter fetus subsp jejuni: its possible significance in enteric disease of calves and lambs.

Fecal samples from 127 diarrheic and 3 healthy beef calves, representing 25 herds with enteric disease, were cultured for Campylobacter, using filtration and a selective medium. Campylobacter fetus subsp jejuni (CFJ) was isolated from 51 (40%) of the diarrheic calves representing 14 (56%) herds and from the 3 clinically healthy calves (1 each in 3 of these 14 herds). Campylobacter fetus subsp intestinalis was not isolated from the calves.

Antigens of Campylobacter fetus subsp fetus eliciting vaccinal immunity in heifers.

These studies were designed to identify the antigens of Campylobacter fetus subsp fetus that elicit vaccinal immunity. Heifers were vaccinated subcutaneously twice (42 days between vaccinations) with bacterins containing K, O, and H antigens (group A), O and H antigens (group B), or O antigen (group C) of the challenge strain. Five heifers were not vaccinated and served as controls (group D).

Effect of interval between booster vaccination and time of breeding on protection against campylobacteriosis (vibriosis) in cattle.

Thirteen heifers (group A) given a booster vaccination with Campylobacter fetus 4 1/2 months before breeding to bulls infected with the homologous strain had a pregnancy rate of 54%, compared with a pregnancy rate of 92% for 12 heifers (group B) given a booster vaccination 10 days before the 63-day breeding period began. None of 7 nonvaccinated heifers became pregnant, and all remained infected for at least 136 days. All three groups of heifers were bred by the same infected bulls.

Tube culture method for viable counts of Campylobacter fetus (Vibrio fetus).

A method was developed for making viable counts of Campylobacter fetus (Vibrio fetus) in tube cultures using a medium containing alkaline hematin and incubation in a carbon dioxide incubator.

Prevention of experimentally induced enteric colibacillosis in newborn calves.

Severe enteric colibacillosis, characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, dehydration, apathy, hypothermia, and inability to stand, was produced in seven of eight newborn, colostrum-fed calves from nonvaccinated dams after oral challenge of calves with 10(11) viable cells of Escherichia coli strain B44. Twenty-nine of 32 calves from dams vaccinated with various preparations of E. coli strain B44 were protected against severe enteric colibacillosis after oral challenge.