Effects of Neuraxial or General Anesthesia on the Incidence of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Patients Undergoing Peripheral Vascular Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Postoperative complications after major surgery, especially in vascular procedures, are associated with a significant increase in costs and mortality. Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have a notable impact on morbidity and mortality. The primary aim of this present study was to evaluate the effects of spinal anesthesia compared with general anesthesia on the incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing lower extremity bypass surgery.

Association between the early or late onset of gestational diabetes mellitus with neonatal adverse outcomes: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The literature has been evolving to standardize gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis and terminology. The significance of timing in diagnosing hyperglycemia during pregnancy is underlined by evidence that women diagnosed at 24 weeks of gestation or earlier are at a higher risk of developing postpartum prediabetes, but its association with adverse outcomes for the newborn is controversial. We aimed to investigate the association between early-onset GDM and adverse outcomes in newborns and neonates, comparing it with the late-onset GDM model.

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: The RENOVATE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are commonly used respiratory support therapies for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Objective: To assess whether HFNO is noninferior to NIV on the rates of endotracheal intubation or death at 7 days in 5 patient groups with ARF.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This noninferiority, randomized clinical trial enrolled hospitalized adults (aged ≥18 years; classified as 5 patient groups with ARF: nonimmunocompromised with hypoxemia, immunocompromised with hypoxemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] exacerbation with respiratory acidosis, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema [ACPE], or hypoxemic COVID-19, which was added as a separate group on June 26, 2023) at 33 hospitals in Brazil between November 2019 and November 2023 (final follow-up: April 26, 2024).

Genomics and evolutionary analysis of infecting viruses demarcate criteria for defining species of giant viruses.

Chloroviruses exhibit a close relationship with their hosts with the phenotypic aspect of their ability to form lytic plaques having primarily guided the taxonomy. However, with the isolation of viruses that are only able to complete their replication cycle in one strain of , systematic challenges emerged. In this study, we described the genomic features of 53 new chlorovirus isolates and used them to elucidate part of the evolutionary history and taxonomy of this clade.

Vibration sensor dataset for estimating fan coil motor health.

To enhance the field of continuous motor health monitoring, we present FAN-COIL-I, an extensive vibration sensor dataset derived from a Fan Coil motor. This dataset is uniquely positioned to facilitate the detection and prediction of motor health issues, enabling a more efficient maintenance scheduling process that can potentially obviate the need for regular checks. Unlike existing datasets, often created under controlled conditions or through simulations, FAN-COIL-I is compiled from real-world operational data, providing an invaluable resource for authentic motor diagnosis and predictive maintenance research.

Contamination risk by heavy metals and enzymatic stoichiometry in agricultural soils under intense use of pesticides.

Soil contamination by heavy metals (HM) from pesticides poses a serious environmental threat, affecting sustainability and agricultural productivity. Soil enzymes are essential for biochemical reactions such as organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling and are vital for maintaining soil health. However, the effects of HM on soil enzyme activity are not yet well understood.

Unlocking the significant worldwide potential of better waste and resource management for climate mitigation: with particular focus on the Global South.

Numbers do matter; the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s 2010 data that the waste sector is responsible for just 3% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has led to the misperception that solid waste management (SWM) has little to contribute to climate mitigation. Global efforts to control methane emissions and divert organic waste from landfills had already reduced direct emissions. But end-of-pipe SWM has also been evolving into more circular waste and resource management, with indirect GHG savings from the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) which IPCC accounts for elsewhere in the economy.

Sleep "ON", sleep better! Positive effects of levodopa on sleep behaviour in people with Parkinson's disease.

People with Parkinson's disease experience reduced sleep quality compared with their peers. Levodopa may have a direct effect on sleep macrostructure or may improve sleep by enhancing nocturnal motor performance. Therefore, it is important to understand the acute effects of withdrawing levodopa on sleep measures in Parkinson's disease.

Vaccine adherence and adverse events of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective: To assess adherence to and the adverse effects of the SARS-COV vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Patients And Methods: This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical data, SARS-COV vaccine data, medications for IBD with use during the vaccination period, and adverse events during the vaccination period were collected.

Thermodynamic analog of integrate-and-fire neuronal networks by maximum entropy modelling.

Recent results have evidenced that spontaneous brain activity signals are organized in bursts with scale free features and long-range spatio-temporal correlations. These observations have stimulated a theoretical interpretation of results inspired in critical phenomena. In particular, relying on maximum entropy arguments, certain aspects of time-averaged experimental neuronal data have been recently described using Ising-like models, allowing the study of neuronal networks under an analogous thermodynamical framework.

Methodology for Preoperative Planning of Bone Deformities Using Three-dimensional Modeling Software.

Rapid prototyping technology, known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, and its use in the medical field are advancing. Studies on severe bone deformity treatment with 3D printing showed benefits in postoperative outcomes thanks to this technology. Even so, preoperative planning guidance for surgeons is lacking.

Transradial access for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using the Woven EndoBridge device: A systematic review and pooled analysis.

Background: The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a minimally invasive endovascular treatment option for patients with cerebral aneurysms. Transradial access (TRA) is a technique that involves accessing the arterial system through the radial artery in the wrist rather than the femoral artery in the groin. Several studies have investigated the use of TRA for WEB device deployment in treating intracranial aneurysms.

Effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over motor cortex on resting-state brain activity in the early subacute stroke phase: A power spectral density analysis.

Introduction: Despite promising results, the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the early stages of stroke and its impact on brain activity have been poorly studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of tDCS applied over the ipsilesional motor cortex on resting-state brain activity in the early subacute phase of stroke.

Methods: This is a pilot, randomized, double-blind, proof-of-concept study.

An overview of viral chitinases: General properties and biotechnological potential.

Chitin is a biopolymer profusely present in nature and of pivotal importance as a structural component in cells. It is degraded by chitinases, enzymes naturally produced by different organisms. Chitinases are proteins enrolled in many cellular mechanisms, including the remodeling process of the fungal cell wall, the cell growth process, the autolysis of filamentous fungi, and cell separation of yeasts, among others.

High Levels of NfL, GFAP, TAU, and UCH-L1 as Potential Predictor Biomarkers of Severity and Lethality in Acute COVID-19.

Few studies showed that neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), total tubulin-associated unit (TAU), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) may be related to neurological manifestations and severity during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective of this work was to investigate the relationship among nervous system biomarkers (NfL, TAU, GFAP, and UCH-L1), biochemical parameters, and viral loads with heterogeneous outcomes in a cohort of severe COVID-19 patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a university hospital. For that, 108 subjects were recruited within the first 5 days at ICU.

Use of tritium in characterizing the leachate migration from a landfill - Central de tratamento de resíduos sólidos (CTRS) BR040 (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil).

Landfills often become a source of environmental impact due to the percolation of the leachate (liquid resulting from the decomposition of buried waste), which can eventually disperse and contaminate the soil and water bodies. This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively and spatially the leachate plume from the former Belo Horizonte landfill in the Coqueiros and Taiobas watersheds by using tritium (H) concentration in nineteen (19) sampling points: 14 groundwater, 4 surface water and 1 leachate. Among the methodologies applied to determine the H content in the leachate, pre-filtration proved to be the most effective due to the ease treating of the sample, as well as the identical results obtained compared to the traditional method.

Effect of DMPEI coating against biofilm formation on PVC catheter surface.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant cause of morbidity in healthcare systems and are prominently associated with applying urethral catheters, particularly in surgeries. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is extensively utilized in the fabrication of catheters. Biofilms, complex polymeric constructions, provide a protective milieu for cell multiplication and the enhancement of antibiotic resistance.

Efficacy of methenamine with methylthioninium in the treatment of dysuria: a randomized clinical study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Dysuria is a common symptom present in several urological and gynecological conditions. Management relies on the underlying disease but may require additional symptomatic treatment. This study evaluated the combination of methenamine 250 mg and methylthioninium chloride 20 mg in the treatment of dysuria versus phenazopyridine.

Effects of remote ischemic conditioning on conditioned pain modulation and cardiac autonomic modulation in women with knee osteoarthritis: placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial protocol.

Background: It is estimated that over 240 million people worldwide have osteoarthritis, which is a major contributor to chronic pain and central changes in pain processing, including endogenous pain modulation. The autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in the pain regulatory process. One of the main mechanisms of remote ischemic conditioning is neuronal signaling from the preconditioned extremity to the heart.

Goldmann Applanation Tonometry: Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Values Obtained with Disposable Tip and Conventional Applanation Prism in the Population without Clinical Signs of Glaucoma.

Aim: Comparing intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using Goldmann applanation prism and TonoSafe® in the population without signs of glaucoma.

Material And Methods: Patients with no ocular pathologies, except ametropia (until ± 4 D) or IOP of <30 mm Hg without signs of glaucoma by optic disc structural analysis by fundus biomicroscopy. The IOP was measured sequentially using the traditional cone and the TonoSafe®, according to a randomization list to determine which device would be used first.

Discrepancies in breast cancer's oncological outcomes between public and private institutions in the southeast region of Brazil: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Brazil is a middle-income country with inequalities in its healthcare system. The disparities between public and private services affect the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer. The aim of this study is to assess whether disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) are different in public and private specialized centers.