Anticancer Activity of Plant Tocotrienols, Fucoxanthin, Fucoidan, and Polyphenols in Dietary Supplements.

Plants and algae harbor diverse molecules with antioxidant activity and have been demonstrated to directly inhibit cancer cell growth and mitigate the oxidative damage associated with certain antitumor therapies. While antioxidant supplementation, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, has shown promise in improving quality of life, further research is needed to explore the effects of antioxidant combinations on specific cancer cell lines. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of natural compounds derived from plants and algae, as well as certain dietary supplements, were investigated against various human cancer cell lines, including bone, leukemia, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers.

Characterisation of virulence of f. sp. in Australia in the 2023 growing season.

Crown rust caused by the basidiomycete fungus f. sp. () results in significant crop losses worldwide.

High photosynthetic thermal tolerance in the Mediterranean halophyte .

The general increase in temperature, together with sudden episodes of extreme temperatures, are increasingly impacting plant species in the present climate change scenario. is a halophyte from the Mediterranean Basin, exposed to broad daily and seasonal changes in temperature and extreme high temperatures. We studied the photosynthetic responses (chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics and gas exchange) of leaves exposed to temperatures from -7.

Language and Ageing in Adults With Down Syndrome: An Analysis of Receptive and Expressive Language Measures.

Background: The evidence on the effect of age on the receptive and expressive language skills of individuals with Down syndrome is inconclusive. Recent research highlights the relevance of having tools to detect age-related changes in language skills.

Method: Data were collected on 45 adults with Down syndrome.

Bound states in the continuum in whispering gallery resonators with pointlike impurities.

Whispering gallery resonators offer a versatile platform for manipulating the photonic transmission. Here, we study such a system, including periodically distributed pointlike impurities along the resonator with ring geometry. Based on an exact expression for the transmission probability we obtain here, we demonstrate that the bound states in the continuum (BICs) form from the whispering gallery modes at the high-symmetry momenta in the ring's Brillouin zone.

Targeting ZNF638 activates antiviral immune responses and potentiates immune checkpoint inhibition in glioblastoma.

Viral mimicry refers to the activation of innate anti-viral immune responses due to the induction of endogenous retroelement (RE) expression. Viral mimicry has been previously described to augment anti-tumor immune responses and sensitize solid tumors to immunotherapy including colorectal cancer, melanoma, and clear renal cell carcinoma. Here, we found that targeting a novel, master epigenetic regulator, Zinc Finger Protein 638 (ZNF638), induces viral mimicry in glioblastoma (GBM) preclinical models and potentiates immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI).

Atypical presentation of type 1 neovascularization with aneurysmal dilations in a young female.

Type 1 Neovascularization with Aneurysmal Dilations (N1a), is a retinal disorder characterized by choroidal vascular abnormalities. Clinically, it is characterized by an exudative maculopathy with multiple recurrent serosanguineous pigment epithelial detachments. This disease is more frequent in women aged 55-65 years.

Talocalcaneonavicular Realignment: The Foundation for Comprehensive Reconstruction of Severe, Resistant Neurologic Cavovarus, and Equinocavovarus Foot Deformities in Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: The progression of neurologic cavovarus (NCV) and equinocavovarus (NECV) foot deformities during growth can eventually lead to non-reducible severe talonavicular (TN) and subtalar (ST) joint rotational malalignments. This study aimed to describe a technique to correct severe, resistant inversion deformity of the ST joint complex as the foundational procedure in comprehensive reconstruction of multi-segmental NCV and NECV deformities in pediatric patients and to analyze mid-term radiologic, functional, and satisfaction outcomes.

Methods: This prospective study included children with severe NCV and NECV foot deformities who underwent TCNR between 2019 and 2022, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years.

Fight Retinal Blindness SPAIN. Report 3: clinical outcomes of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors in low vision eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. A national database study.

Objectives: To compare visual outcomes for low vision eyes (LVE) (<35 letters LogMAR or <20/200 Snellen) versus non-low vision eyes (NLVE) (>35 letters LogMAR or >20/200 Snellen) at the time of the first injection in a clinical practice setting.

Methods: Subgroup analysis of a multicenter national database of treatment- naïve eyes neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-VEGF intravitreal injections divided into LVE and NLVE. Demographics, visual acuity (VA) at baseline and subsequent timepoints (12, 24, and 36 months), number of injections and visits data were collected using a validated web-based tool (Fight Retinal Blindness!).

Unity is strength: creation and future actions for a consortium for HIV cure research in Latin America and the Caribbean 'Lac-Cura'.

The development of effective HIV cure strategies is crucial. However, most research in this area has been concentrated in high-income countries, underscoring the need to expand efforts to regions like Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), which face distinct biomedical, social, political, and economic challenges. Data on LAC's participation in HIV cure research, along with stakeholder perceptions, reveal that the work being done in the region is scarce, fragmented, scattered, and characterized by limited resources and infrastructure.

Dual therapy based on co-formulated darunavir/ritonavir plus lamivudine for initial therapy of HIV infection: The ANDES randomized controlled trial.

Background: Tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy regimens may have long-term toxicity-related side effects. This study aimed to compare the virological efficacy of co-formulated darunavir/ritonavir plus lamivudine with darunavir/ritonavir plus tenofovir and emtricitabine or lamivudine.

Methods: The ANDES study was a 48-week, phase 4, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial in treatment-naïve adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Genetic Mapping of , a New Lethal Allele of .

The mutation was generated in a Flp/FRT EMS screen for conditional mutations that cause growth and developmental defects in a genetic background that blocks apoptosis. The mutations were conditional, based on the allele being present on the starting chromosome, and blocking canonical apoptosis in a homozygous state. The mosaic eyes exhibit defects in eye development including patches of rough eye and irregular surface structure.

Discovery of antimicrobial peptides clostrisin and cellulosin from Clostridium: insights into their structures, co-localized biosynthetic gene clusters, and antibiotic activity.

Antimicrobial resistance presents a substantial threat to global public health, demanding urgent attention and action. This study focuses on lanthipeptides, ribosomally encoded peptides that display significant structural diversity and hold promising potential as antibiotics. Genome mining was employed to locate biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) containing class II lanthipeptide synthetases encoded by genes.

Using latent variables to improve the management of depression among hemodialysis patients.

Background: Screening for depression can be challenging among hemodialysis patients due to the overlap of depressive symptoms with dialysis or kidney disease related symptoms. The aim of this study was to understand these overlapping symptoms and develop a depression screening tool for better clinical assessment of depressive symptoms in dialysis patients.

Methods: We surveyed 1,085 dialysis patients between March 1, 2018 and February 28, 2023 at 15 dialysis facilities in Northeast Ohio with the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL) instrument.

Transcriptome and microbiome-immune changes across preinvasive and invasive anal cancer lesions.

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy linked to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which develops from precursor lesions like low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSILs). ASCC incidence varies across populations and poses increased risk for people living with HIV. Our investigation focused on transcriptomic and metatranscriptomic changes from squamous intraepithelial lesions to ASCC.

Evaluation of Xpert point-of-care assays for detection of HIV infection in persons using long-acting cabotegravir for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Unlabelled: Detection of HIV infection may be challenging in persons using long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-LA) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) due to viral suppression and reduced/delayed antibody production. We evaluated two point-of-care tests for detecting HIV infection in persons who received CAB-LA in the HPTN 083 trial. Samples were obtained from 12 participants who received CAB-LA and had delayed detection of HIV infection using HIV rapid tests and an antigen/antibody test (52 plasma samples; 18 dried blood spot [DBS] samples).

Feeding Variation Among Infants in Acute Care Cardiology Units.

Infants with heart disease are at high risk of feeding difficulties and complications. Feeding practices amongst acute care cardiology units are not standardized. This study aims to describe feeding practices for infants at the time of discharge from a Pediatric Acute Care Cardiology Collaborative (PAC) center and practice variation between centers.

Biomechanical dysregulation of SGK-1 dependent aortic pathologic markers in hypertension.

Introduction: In hypertension (HTN), biomechanical stress may drive matrix remodeling through dysfunctional VSMC activity. Prior evidence has indicated VSMC tension-induced signaling through the serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase-1 (SGK-1) can impact cytokine abundance. Here, we hypothesize that SGK-1 impacts production of additional aortic pathologic markers (APMs) representing VSMC dysfunction in HTN.