Thirty-five known deaths were caused by the landslide and lateral blast of the May 18 eruption of Mount St Helens and at least 23 persons are missing. In 18 of 23 cases that reached autopsy, asphyxiation from ash inhalation was the cause of death. A rapidly established hospital surveillance system detected increases in the number of emergency room (ER) visits and admissions for asthma and bronchitis in communities with the heaviest ashfall after the May 18 eruption and the eruptions on May 25 and June 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Perspect
October 1981
A nationwide survey of hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) in the United States during the years 1964 through 1974 identified 168 cases. Of these, 42 cases (25%) were associated with known etiologic factors, such as vinyl chloride monomer exposure during preparation of poly(vinyl chloride), use of Thorotrast in angiography, exposure to inorganic arsenic, and treatment with androgenic-anabolic steroids; 126 cases (75%) are of uncertain etiology. HAS most often affects males (ratio of approximately 3:1), peaks in the sixth and seventh decades of life (somewhat earlier than other sarcomas of the liver) and appears to occur more often in the industrialized Northeast and Midwest (although reporting artifact may be a factor).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA standardized mortality ratio of 1.49 for respiratory system cancer (42 observed deaths versus 28.2 expected, p less than 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCircular plastid DNA molecules, isolated from flower chromoplasts of the daffodil (a monocotyledon), and the nasturtium (a dicotyledon), have been shown by electron microscopy to contain inverted repeat sequences of 28.5 ± 0.7 kbp and 27.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne hundred and ninety-six albino male rats [Crl/COBS CD (SD) BR] were given 1,000 ppm trisodium nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) in drinking water for 2 years. One hundred and ninety-two control rats were given water without NTA. Animals that had a palpable mass or that appeared clinically ill were killed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnasth Intensivther Notfallmed
April 1981
Postanaesthetic observation and control of the patient, independently of surgery, is an integral part of the anaesthetic course. The anaesthetic procedure is terminated in the recovery room only, where all negative effects of anaesthesia and surgery or their sequels can be properly assessed and eliminated. After restoration of vital functions and protective reflexes only the patient may be transferred to normal wards or intensive care units for further control of his postoperative condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Programs Biomed
December 1981
A computer simulation program has been developed to aid in the design of statistical quality control procedures in clinical chemistry. This 'QC simulator' permits the user to study the effects of parameters in the analytical procedure (method standard deviation, components of variance, rounding of data) and parameters in the control procedure (choice of statistics, control limits, decision criteria, number of control observations). The performance of the control procedures being studied are characterized by their probability for ejection, estimated at several different levels of random and systematic error, and presented by plots of statistical power vs the size of the analytical errors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZ Naturforsch C Biosci
August 1981
A technique originally described for the isolation of Friend leukaemia virus envelope polypeptides [1] yields equivalent structures from Moloney leukaemia. AKR and BALB/c xenotropic virus as well as feline leukaemia virus. The envelope polypeptides are obtained as micellar protein complexes, named rosettes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFour cases of childhood hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS), representing the malignant form of infantile hemangioendothelioma, are described. The morphologic appearance of childhood HAS differs from the adult form in the following features: the associated presence of benign infantile hemangioendothelioma; the presence of dysontogenetic features; and an altered appearance of the angiosarcoma itself. It is postulated for these cases that the benign infantile hemangioendothelioma progressed to the malignant angiosarcoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData from several small autopsy series in German vintners in the 1940s and 1950s and a number of case reports have previously suggested that arsenic is a cause of hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS). In a nationwide review of deaths from HAS in the United States, we identified seven cases with a history of prolonged use of Fowler's solution (inorganic potassium arsenite), which provide further support for the association of arsenic exposure and HAS. An epidemiologic study of a cohort of individuals treated long-term with Fowler's solution might confirm this association.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase of barley has been solubilized from etioplast membranes and purified to apparent homogeneity. The highest specific activity measured for the purified enzyme was 1.6 nmol chlorophyllide formed (mg protein-1) per flash.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoughly 10% of surface glycoproteins in the envelope of mature Friend murine leukemia virus are coupled to membrane polypeptides by disulfide bridges. The remaining 90% of these glycoproteins are associated noncovalently. However, they could also be linked to membrane polypeptides by the treatment of purified Friend murine leukemia virus with 2,2'dithiobis(m-nitropyridine).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtrapolation of bioassay data from high to low doses and from laboratory animal to the human is essential for future growth of the chemical industries and the safeguard of human health and th environment. To be effective this process requires a solid data base: Metabolism of the chemicals holds many clues regarding their carcinogenic hazards, and studies in liver, kidney, and the specific target organs and their cellular organelles are needed. Other environmental chemicals may alter the effects of a single pollutant by enzyme induction or inhibition in liver or target organ (in cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, or nuclear membranes) and may cause shunts to alternate pathways which must be explored at different dose levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe oat cell tumor is a particularly lethal form of bronchogenic carcinoma. Cutaneous metastases occur occasionally in the pre-auricular area. In addition to benign and malignant parotid lesions, the differential diagnosis of a pre-auricular mass must now include metastatic disease, particularly if a history of a thoracic malignancy is elicited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Perspect
December 1979
Some polynuclear aromatics (PNA) have been found to be potent carcinogens for all tissues and organs of experimental animals that have been exposed to them, but different dose levels are needed for these effects. They have been known for decades to cause cancer at the site of application but also at certain sites distant from the area of contact. Although some hydrocarbons are potent and complete carcinogens, the majority of related hydrocarbons was originally found to be inactive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA retrospective epidemiological study of deaths from hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) in the U.S. showed that during 1964--74 there were 168 such cases, of which 37 (22%) were associated with previously known causes (vinyl chloride, 'Thorotrast', and inorganic arsenic) and 4 (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatl Cancer Inst Monogr
May 1979
Opossums (Didelphis virginiana Kerr) exposed to 100 mg ENU/kg in single or incremental doses early in postnatal life developed a spectrum of epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms including several types of embryonal neoplasms not previously induced in laboratory animals. A correlation was apparent to a varying degree between susceptibility to tumor induction and the state of morphologic maturation of the presumed target tissues at the light microscopic level for embryonal tumors of the eye, kidney, and brain. The susceptibility of the opossum eye to an ENU-induced intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma extended over the period from 1 to between 3 and 4 weeks of age and was correlated with the differentiation of the apparent target cell, the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium of the pars ciliaris retinae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA computer-stimulation study has been performed to determine how the performance characteristics of quality-control rules are affected by the presence of a between-run component of variation, the choice of control limits (calculated from within-run vs. total standard deviations), and the shape of the error distribution. When a between-run standard deviation (Sb) exists and control limits are calculated from the total standard deviation (St, which includes Sb as well as the within-run standard deviation, Sw), there is generally a loss in ability to detect analytical disturbances or errors.
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