Associations between degree of food processing and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis in 9 European countries.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked with higher risk of mortality. This multi-centre study investigated associations between food intake by degree of processing, using the Nova classification, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Monitoring M-Protein, Therapeutic Antibodies, and Polyclonal Antibodies in a Multiparametric Mass Spectrometry Assay Provides Insight into Therapy Response Kinetics in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy caused by clonally expanded plasma cells that produce a monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-protein), a personalized biomarker. Recently, we developed an ultra-sensitive mass spectrometry method to quantify minimal residual disease (MS-MRD) by targeting unique M-protein peptides. Therapeutic antibodies (t-Abs), key in MM treatment, often lead to deep and long-lasting responses.

Evaluating Tumor Tissue Modified Viral (TTMV)-HPV DNA for the Early Detection of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Recurrence.

Background: The incidence and mortality of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) are rising, with greater than 80% of cases linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily HPV16. Post-treatment surveillance can be challenging due to the limitations of anoscopy, digital anal rectal exam (DARE), and imaging. Plasma tumor tissue modified viral (TTMV)-HPV DNA has shown strong sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value in detecting the recurrence of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer.

The effects of aerobic exercise and heat stress on the unbound fraction of caffeine.

Introduction: The fraction of drug circulating in the blood that is not bound to plasma proteins ( ) is considered pharmacologically active since it readily binds to its receptor. evidence suggests that changes in temperature and pH affect the affinity of drug binding to plasma proteins, resulting in changes in . In light of the well-established effects of exercise on body temperature and blood pH, we investigated whether an increase in blood temperature and decrease in pH facilitated through passive heating and exercise translated to a change in the of caffeine.

Impact of Genomic Classifiers on Risk Stratification and Treatment Intensity in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer : A Systematic Review.

Background: Tissue-based genomic classifiers (GCs) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment and treatment recommendations.

Purpose: To summarize the impact of the Decipher, Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score (GPS), and Prolaris GCs on risk stratification and patient-clinician decisions on treatment choice among patients with localized PCa considering first-line treatment.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science published from January 2010 to August 2024.

Strategies in Diagnosis and Therapy of External Outflow Graft Obstruction in Patients with a Fully Magnetically Levitated Left Ventricular Assist Device: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

The HeartMate 3 (HM3, Abbott) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is the only commercially available option considered suitable for long-term circulatory support. External compression of the outflow graft causing obstruction (eOGO) is a serious adverse event affecting patients on long-term support. The obstruction occurs due to the accumulation of gelatinous substance between the bend relief and outflow graft.

Long-term mortality of Dutch COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care medicine: a retrospective analysis from a national quality registry.

Objective: To describe the 12-month mortality of Dutch COVID-19 intensive care unit patients, the total COVID-19 population and various subgroups on the basis of the number of comorbidities, age, sex, mechanical ventilation, and vasoactive medication use.

Methods: We included all patients admitted with COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and March 29, 2022, from the Dutch National Intensive Care (NICE) database. The crude 12-month mortality rate is presented via Kaplan-Meier survival curves for each patient subgroup.

Evaluating the Impact of N-Glycan Sequon Removal in the p27 Peptide on RSV F Protein Immunogenicity and Functionality.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children, elderly and immunocompromised patients worldwide. The RSV fusion (F) protein, which has 5-6 N-glycosylation sites depending on the strain, is a major target for vaccine development. Two to three of these sites are located in the p27 peptide, which is considered absent in virions.

Biogeographical distribution of gut microbiome composition and function is partially recapitulated by fecal transplantation into germ-free mice.

Fecal microbiota transplantation has been vital for establishing whether host phenotypes can be conferred through the microbiome. However, whether the existing microbial ecology along the mouse gastrointestinal tract can be recapitulated in germ-free mice colonized with stool remains unknown. We first identified microbes and their predicted functions specific to each of six intestinal regions in three cohorts of specific pathogen-free mice spanning two facilities.

The use of automated insulin delivery around physical activity and exercise in type 1 diabetes: a position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA) are cornerstones of diabetes care for individuals with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, the availability of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has improved the ability of people with type 1 diabetes to achieve the recommended glucose target ranges. PA provide additional health benefits but can cause glucose fluctuations, which challenges current AID systems.

Intratumoral delivery of lipid nanoparticle-formulated mRNA encoding IL-21, IL-7, and 4-1BBL induces systemic anti-tumor immunity.

Local delivery of mRNA-based immunotherapy offers a promising avenue as it enables the production of specific immunomodulatory proteins that can stimulate the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer cells while limiting systemic exposure and toxicities. Here, we develop and employ lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) to intratumorally deliver an mRNA mixture encoding the cytokines interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-7 and the immunostimulatory molecule 4-1BB ligand (Triplet LNP). IL-21 synergy with IL-7 and 4-1BBL leads to a profound increase in the frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells and their capacity to produce granzyme B and IFN-γ, leading to tumor eradication and the development of long-term immunological memory.

Intravenous and intracranial GD2-CAR T cells for H3K27M diffuse midline gliomas.

H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) express high levels of the disialoganglioside GD2 (ref. ). Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells targeting GD2 (GD2-CART) eradicated DMGs in preclinical models.

Bexotegrast Shows Dose-dependent Integrin αβ Receptor Occupancy in Lungs of Participants with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Phase 2, Open-Label Clinical Trial.

: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by dyspnea and loss of lung function. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) activation mediated by α integrins is central to the pathogenesis of IPF. Bexotegrast (PLN 74809) is an oral, once-daily, dual-selective inhibitor of αβ and αβ integrins under investigation for the treatment of IPF.

PTB airway compression complicated by vascular abnormalities and cardiac involvement: A case series demonstrating diagnosis and management.

Introduction: Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (LBTB) is a tuberculous lymphadenopathy causing airway compression in young children. While it can occur in older children due to factors such as airway size, wall weakness, and immune reconstitutions, severe airway obstruction is more common in younger children.

Methods: Chest X-rays show airway compression, while bronchoscopy is the gold standard for confirming TB-induced airway compression.

Inflammatory Neuropathy Consortium base (INCbase): a protocol of a global prospective observational cohort study for the development of a prediction model for treatment response in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Background: INCbase is an international, multicenter prospective observational study using a customizable web-based modular registry to study the clinical, biological and electrophysiological variation and boundaries of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). The primary objective of INCbase is to develop and validate a clinical prediction model for treatment response.

Methods: All patients meeting clinical criteria for CIDP can be included in INCbase.

Safety and Immunogenicity of an Adjuvanted Clostridioides difficile Vaccine Candidate in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study.

Background: This study investigated the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity in healthy subjects of a Clostridioides difficile vaccine candidate with/without adjuvant, targeting toxins A and B.

Methods: In this first-in-human, phase 1, observer-blind study, subjects aged 18-45 years were randomized to receive F2 antigen (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10), and subjects aged 50-70 years to receive F2 antigen plus AS01 adjuvant (n = 45), F2 antigen (n = 45), or placebo (n = 30) in 2 doses 1 month apart. A subcohort (n = 40) received a third dose 15 months later.

Mechanisms of Action Underlying Conductance-Modifying Positive Allosteric Modulators of the NMDA Receptor.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that mediate a slow, Ca-permeable component of excitatory neurotransmission. Modulation of NMDAR function has the potential for disease modification as NMDAR dysfunction has been implicated in neurodevelopment, neuropsychiatric, neurologic, and neurodegenerative disorders. We recently described the thieno[2,3-day]pyrimidin-4-one (EU1622) class of positive allosteric modulators, including several potent and efficacious analogs.

Structure and Magnetic Properties of the = 3 Ruddlesden-Popper Oxyfluoride LaSrFeOF.

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) compounds of the general formula (AX)(ABX) with their unique sequence of perovskite-like (ABX) and rock-salt-like units (AX) promise applications in diverse fields such as catalysis and superconductivity. Fluorination of RP oxides often leads to dramatic changes in the material properties, caused by differences in the atomic and electronic structure. While current research focuses on fluorination of = 1 type RP oxides (ABO), = 3 RP oxyfluorides have remained elusive.

Change in Nfkb/Nrf2/Bax Levels by High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) in Acute and Chronic Secondary Brain Damage.

Background/aims: High Monomeric Polyphenols Berries Extract (HMPBE) is a formula highly rich in polyphenols clinically proven to enhance learning and memory. It is currently used to enhances cognitive performance including accuracy, working memory and concentration.

Methods: Here, we investigated for the first time the beneficial effects of HMPBE in a mouse model of acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI).