New Directions for Ophthalmic OCT - Handhelds, Surgery, and Robotics.

The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the 1990s revolutionized diagnostic ophthalmic imaging. Initially, OCT's role was primarily in the adult ambulatory ophthalmic clinics. Subsequent advances in handheld form factors, integration into surgical microscopes, and robotic assistance have expanded OCT's utility and impact outside of its initial environment in the adult outpatient ophthalmic clinic.

Ultrasensitive ctDNA detection for preoperative disease stratification in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection can predict clinical risk in early-stage tumors. However, clinical applications are constrained by the sensitivity of clinically validated ctDNA detection approaches. NeXT Personal is a whole-genome-based, tumor-informed platform that has been analytically validated for ultrasensitive ctDNA detection at 1-3 ppm of ctDNA with 99.

[Pedigree analysis of novel missense mutations causing hereditary coagulation factor Ⅴ deficiency].

This study aimed to primarily discuss the pathogenesis of hereditary coagulation factor Ⅴ (FⅤ) deficiency in a family with a consanguineous cousin marriage. The coagulation indices of the pedigree (three generations with seven individuals) and the thrombin levels of the proband and his father were assessed. All exons of the F5 gene were analyzed with Sanger sequencing, and a new mutation was confirmed with reverse sequencing.

Enhancing fish sludge bioconversion kinetics for nutrient recovery in aquaponics using a modified biological aerated filter with a novel media of polyhedral hollow spheres.

Nutrient recovery from aquaculture sludge is vital for promoting hydroponic plant growth and achieving near-zero solid waste discharge in aquaponic systems. Modified biological aerated filters (MBAFs) are promising because of the dual capabilities of aquaculture sludge collection and aerobic mineralization. However, the bioconversion kinetics, which is indirectly related to the packed media, need to be improved.

Peli1 Deficiency in Macrophages Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension by Enhancing Foxp1-Mediated Transcriptional Inhibition of IL-6.

Background: The infiltration of macrophages into the lungs is a common characteristic of perivascular inflammation, contributing to vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Peli1 (pellino E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1) plays a critical role in regulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the polarization of macrophages in various diseases. However, the role of Peli1 in PH remains to be investigated.

Spatial multiomic landscape of the human placenta at molecular resolution.

Successful pregnancy relies directly on the placenta's complex, dynamic, gene-regulatory networks. Disruption of this vast collection of intercellular and intracellular programs leads to pregnancy complications and developmental defects. In the present study, we generated a comprehensive, spatially resolved, multimodal cell census elucidating the molecular architecture of the first trimester human placenta.

Screening of F-containing electrolyte additives and clarifying their decomposition routes for stable Li metal anodes.

Constructing a LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a feasible strategy for inhibiting lithium (Li) dendrites of Li metal anodes (LMAs). However, selecting appropriate F-containing additives with efficient LiF contribution is still under active research. Herein, a series of fluorinated additives with diverse F/C molar ratios are investigated, and we demonstrate that the hexafluoroglutaric anhydride (F) holds the best capability to derive the LiF-rich SEI in regular carbonate electrolytes (RCEs).

mRNA delivery enabled by metal-organic nanoparticles.

mRNA therapeutics are set to revolutionize disease prevention and treatment, inspiring the development of platforms for safe and effective mRNA delivery. However, current mRNA delivery platforms face some challenges, including limited organ tropism for nonvaccine applications and inflammation induced by cationic nanoparticle components. Herein, we address these challenges through a versatile, noncationic nanoparticle platform whereby mRNA is assembled into a poly(ethylene glycol)-polyphenol network stabilized by metal ions.

Integrated omics profiling reveals systemic dysregulation and potential biomarkers in the blood of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoimmune conditions that affect the central nervous system. The contribution of peripheral abnormalities to the disease's pathogenesis is not well understood.

Methods: To investigate this, we employed a multi-omics approach analyzing blood samples from 52 NMOSD patients and 46 healthy controls (HC).

Multicenter Normative Data for Mesopic Microperimetry.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide a large, multi-center normative dataset for the Macular Integrity Assessment (MAIA) microperimeter and compare the goodness-of-fit and prediction interval calibration-error for a panel of hill-of-vision models.

Methods: Microperimetry examinations of healthy eyes from five independent study groups and one previously available dataset were included (1137 tests from 531 eyes of 432 participants [223 women and 209 men]). Linear mixed models (LMMs) were fitted to the data to obtain interpretable hill-of-vision models.

Fluorinated aggregated nanocarbon with high discharge voltage as cathode materials for alkali-metal primary batteries.

Due to its exceptionally high theoretical energy density, fluorinated carbon has been recognized as a strong contender for the cathode material in lithium primary batteries particularly valued in aerospace and related industries. However, CF cathode with high F/C ratio, which enables higher energy density, often suffer from inadequate rate capability and are unable to satisfy escalating demand. Furthermore, their intrinsic low discharge voltage imposes constraints on their applicability.

An efficient strategy to tailor PET hydrolase: Simple preparation with high yield and enhanced hydrolysis to micro-nano plastics.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nano/microplastics (PET-NMPs) are regarded as an emergent hazardous waste for the environment. Enzymatic treatment of PET-NMPs is one of the most promising methods. However, strategies for mining or engineering of PET hydrolases with better characteristics and the simple and cost-effective preparation of them are the bottlenecks currently.

Vaccine Potency and Structure of Yeast-Produced Polio Type 2 Stabilized Virus-like Particles.

Poliovirus (PV) is on the brink of eradication due to global vaccination programs utilizing live-attenuated oral and inactivated polio vaccines. Recombinant PV virus-like particles (VLPs) are emerging as a safe next-generation vaccine candidate for the impending polio-free era. In this study, we investigate the production, antigenicity, thermostability, immunogenicity, and structures of VLPs derived from PV serotype 2 (PV2) wildtype strain and thermally stabilized mutant (wtVLP and sVLP, respectively).

Subcellular Level Spatial Transcriptomics with PHOTON.

The subcellular localization of RNA is closely linked to its function. Many RNA species are partitioned into organelles and other subcellular compartments for storage, processing, translation, or degradation. Thus, capturing the subcellular spatial distribution of RNA would directly contribute to the understanding of RNA functions and regulation.

Assessing the Performance of Models from the 2022 RSNA Cervical Spine Fracture Detection Competition at a Level I Trauma Center.

Purpose To evaluate the performance of the top models from the RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection challenge on a clinical test dataset of both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced CT scans acquired at a level I trauma center. Materials and Methods Seven top-performing models in the RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection challenge were retrospectively evaluated on a clinical test set of 1828 CT scans (from 1829 series: 130 positive for fracture, 1699 negative for fracture; 1308 noncontrast, 521 contrast enhanced) from 1779 patients (mean age, 55.8 years ± 22.

Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen application strategies to improve sunflower yield and resource use efficiency in a cold and arid oasis region of Northwest China.

In arid regions, water scarcity, land degradation and groundwater pollution caused by excessive fertilization are the main constraints to sustainable agricultural production. Optimizing irrigation and fertilizer management regime is an effective means of improving crop water and fertilizer productivity as well as reducing negative impacts on the ecosystem. In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates on sunflower growth, yield, and water and N use efficiency, and to determine the optimal water and N management strategy, a two-year (2021 and 2022) field experiment with under-mulched drip irrigation was conducted in the Hexi Oasis area of Northwest China.

Morinda Officinalis Polysaccharides Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation by Regulating miR-214-3p/NEDD4L in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Mice.

To investigate the potential mechanism of Morinda officinalis F. C. How polysaccharides (MOPs) in regulating osteoclast differentiation and apoptosis through miR-214-3p and its target protein.