B-Spline Solution of the Two-Center Dirac Equation in the Electronic Continuum for Relativistic Molecular Photoionization.

In this work, the two-center Dirac equation is solved numerically using an extension of an adapted B-spline basis set method previously implemented in relativistic atomic calculations (Fischer, C. F.; Zatsarinny, O.

Population structure and natural selection across a flower color polymorphism in the desert plant Encelia farinosa.

Premise: Clines-or the geographic sorting of phenotypes across continual space-provide an opportunity to understand the interaction of dispersal, selection, and history in structuring polymorphisms.

Methods: In this study, we combine field-sampling, genetics, climatic analyses, and machine learning to understand a flower color polymorphism in the wide-ranging desert annual Encelia farinosa.

Results: We find evidence for replicated transitions in disk floret color from brown to yellow across spatial scales, with the most prominent cline stretching ~100 km from southwestern United States into México.

Mollow-like Triplets in Ultrafast Resonant Absorption.

We show that resonant absorption of smooth laser fields can yield Mollow-like triplet patterns. General conditions for such triplets are derived and illustrated with a super-Gaussian pulse sequence. Gaussian pulses cannot exhibit triplets, super-Gaussian pulses can form triplets depending on the pulse area, and flattop pulses can produce absorption triplets after one Rabi cycle.

Combating Disparities in a Pandemic: Increasing Dissemination of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Resources in Spanish.

Introduction: Disparities exist in access to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related health information. We aimed to close a gap in online traffic between English and Spanish COVID-19-related health information on our institution's publicly-facing website by 50% within ten months.

Methods: We used A3 improvement methodology.

Neotropics as a Cradle for Adaptive Radiations.

Neotropical ecosystems are renowned for numerous examples of adaptive radiation in both plants and animals resulting in high levels of biodiversity and endemism. However, we still lack a comprehensive review of the abiotic and biotic factors that contribute to these adaptive radiations. To fill this gap, we delve into the geological history of the region, including the role of tectonic events such as the Andean uplift, the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, and the emergence of the Guiana and Brazilian Shields.