Renal Failure in Type A-Aortic Dissection Repair: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database Analysis.

Background: We sought to identify predictors of acute renal failure (ARF) following acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and its implications on postoperative outcomes.

Methods: ATAAD cases were identified from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons - Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (2017-2022). Cases with chronic dissection, prior aortic repair, primary endovascular repair, preoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, preoperative renal failure, and operative room deaths were excluded.

Lab-grown, 3D Extracellular Matrix Particles Improve Cardiac Function and Morphology in Myocardial Ischemia.

The promise of injection of extracellular matrix (ECM) from animal hearts as a treatment of myocardial ischemia has been limited by immune reactions and harsh ECM-damaging extraction procedures. We developed a novel method to produce lab-grown human 3D acellular ECM particles from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to mitigate product variability, immunogenicity, and preserve ECM architecture. We hypothesized that intramyocardial injection (I/M) of this novel ECM (dia ~200 microns) would improve cardiac function in a post-myocardial infarction (MI) murine model.

Semaglutide Improves Myocardial Perfusion and Performance in a Large Animal Model of Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. It imposes an enormous symptomatic burden on patients, leaving many with residual disease despite optimal procedural therapy and up to one-thirds with debilitating angina amenable neither to procedures, nor to current pharmacological options. Semaglutide (SEM), a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) agonist originally approved for management of diabetes, has garnered substantial attention for its capacity to attenuate cardiovascular risk.

Protein Kinase C-β Inhibition and Survival Signaling after Simulated Cardioplegic Ischemia/Reperfusion in Non-Diabetic and Diabetic Human Coronary Arterial Endothelial Cells.

Background: Cardioplegic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury poses substantial challenges during postoperative recovery, with diabetic patients particularly susceptible to adverse events. Using a model entailing the subjection of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) to simulated cardioplegic I/R, we investigated the potential of protein kinase c β (PKC-β) inhibition to augment cellular survival in this context.

Study Design: HCAECs were isolated from harvested coronary arteries of diabetic (D) and nondiabetic (C) patients (N = 4 per group).

Female patients exhibit altered vasopressin-induced coronary microvascular contractile response and molecular signaling following cardiac surgery.

Background: Emerging data suggest women have worse outcomes than men following cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass (CP/CPB). Altered coronary microvascular function affecting myocardial perfusion may contribute, but human translational studies are lacking.

Methods: Viable coronary microvessels (<200 μ m) were dissected from human atrial samples collected before and after CP/CPB from a subset of 108 patients enrolled.