High versus low positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels for mechanically ventilated adult patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: In patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mortality remains high. These patients require mechanical ventilation, which has been associated with ventilator-induced lung injury. High levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) could reduce this condition and improve patient survival.

Mortality in Critically Ill Elderly Individuals Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: Previous studies that evaluated mortality in elderly subjects who received mechanical ventilation had conflicting results. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of age on mortality.

Methods: A number of medical literature databases and the references listed (from 1974 to May 2015) were searched for studies that compared 2 different age groups.

Implantation of Depth Electrodes in Children Using VarioGuide® Frameless Navigation System: Technical Note.

Background: Electrode placement in epilepsy surgery seeks to locate the sites of ictal onset and early propagation. An invasive diagnostic procedure, stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is usually implemented with frame-based methods that can be especially problematic in young children.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a new technique for frameless SEEG in children using the VarioGuide® system (Brainlab AG, München, Germany).

Pediatric cerebellar giant cavernous malformation: case report and review of literature.

Background And Importance: Giant cavernous malformations (GCM) are low flow, angiographically occult vascular lesions, with a diameter >4 cm. Cerebellar GCMs are extremely rare, with only seven cases reported based on English literature. These lesions are most commonly seen in the pediatric age group, which is known to have an increased risk of hemorrhage, being surgery clearly recommended.

Risk factors for worsened quality of life in patients on mechanical ventilation. A prospective multicenter study.

Objective: To identify risk factors for worsened quality of life (QoL) and activities of daily living (ADL) at 3 and 12 months after discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in patients on mechanical ventilation (MV).

Design: A prospective, multicentric observational study was made.

Setting: Three ICUs in Argentina.