Physical functions assessed by lower limb performance-based and self-reported outcome measures for knee musculoskeletal conditions: A scoping review.

Background: Physical function assessment is key for the management of knee musculoskeletal conditions. There are a wide variety of self-reported outcome measures (SROMs) and performance-based outcome measures (PBOMs) to assess physical function of individuals with knee conditions. However, the content of these measures has not been explored.

Contextual Factors-Enriched Standard Care on mechanical neck pain (ContextualizAR trial): Protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Understanding the influence of contextual factors (CFs) on interventions for mechanical neck pain (MNP) is essential for evidence-based practice in physical therapy. However, the specific effects and synergies of combining different CFs remain unclear.

Objective: The primary purpose of this study will be to determine if a CFs-Enriched Standard Care (SC) approach is an effective treatment for MNP in terms of reducing pain and improving function.

Prevalence of positive modified scapular assistance test in patients with shoulder pain with and without scapular dyskinesis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Scapular dyskinesis (SD) is defined as an altered position of the scapula or altered motion patterns and their relationship with shoulder pain (SP) is still under debate. The modified scapular assistance test (mSAT) modifies scapular kinematics and is used to determine the impact of scapular dyskinesis in shoulder pain. However, data about the relationship between SD and the result of mSAT is scarce.

Palladium hydrazonato complexes and their role in the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of hydrazones as carbene precursors.

Hydrazones are common carbene precursors in many palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions of carbenes as a coupling partner, but their interaction with palladium has been overlooked. We have found that hydrazonato ligands readily coordinate to Pd aryl complexes leading to [PdAr(L-L){(TolSO)N-NCHR}] (Ar = Ph, CF; L-L = dppe, dppf; R = CHCHPh, Ph). Ligand substitution reactions on [PdAr(dppe)X] (X = Br, TolSO) show that the hydrazonato ligand coordinates preferentially so the hydrazonato complexes are likely resting states in catalytic carbene coupling reactions using hydrazones as reactants.

Diazo compounds and palladium-aryl complexes: trapping the elusive carbene migratory insertion organometallic products.

The reactions of Pd-aryl complexes with diazo compounds NCH-CHCHPh and NCHPh allowed us to isolate the organometallic products formed right after the migratory insertion of a non-stabilized CHR carbene into the Pd-aryl bond. η-Allylic and η-benzylic palladium complexes were formed respectively. This is compelling experimental evidence for the key step in the palladium-catalyzed cascade transformations of diazo derivatives leading to multiple C-C or C-X bond formation.