Seed morphometrics unravels the evolutionary history of grapevine in France.

The cultivation of grapevines has spanned millennia, leading to thousands of varieties through exchanges, mutations, and crosses between genotypes, as well probably as gene flow from wild populations. These varieties are typically categorized by regional origin and primary use, either for wine production or fruit consumption. France, within the Western European group, hosts many of the world's renowned wine grape varieties.

Direct dating reveals the early history of opium poppy in western Europe.

This paper aims to define the first chrono-cultural framework on the domestication and early diffusion of the opium poppy using small-sized botanical remains from archaeological sites, opening the way to directly date minute short-lived botanical samples. We produced the initial set of radiocarbon dates directly from the opium poppy remains of eleven Neolithic sites (5900-3500 cal BCE) in the central and western Mediterranean, northwestern temperate Europe, and the western Alps. When possible, we also dated the macrobotanical remains originating from the same sediment sample.

The role of individual risk factors in anticoagulant-associated hemorrhages.

Hemorrhagic complications during therapy with anticoagulant drugs have long been considered as simply and directly related to overdosage. Yet, such adverse events have also been observed in patients correctly anticoagulated, i.e.

[Monitoring of heparin in the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. An obsolete question?].

For over 25 years, it has been the rule to monitor heparin in this indication, mostly using the TCA (or APTT) test. The goal to be reached (APTT ratio), not yet definitely defined, results from multiplying an uncertain baseline value (control APTT) by a variable factor (> or = 1.5 control value), these values being, in turn, determined using different reagents not providing uniform responses.