The Cyanobacterial Oxadiazine Nocuolin A Shows Broad-Spectrum Toxicity Against Protozoans and the Nematode C. elegans.

Cyanobacteria, known to be rich sources of valuable natural products (NPs) with relevant biological properties, are a unique subject to study the interplay between chemistry and ecology. Cultivation of cyanobacteria as isolated strains may only reveal a small fraction of their NPs. In contrast, investigating microbial interactions from an ecological perspective is a particularly fruitful approach to unveil both new chemistry and bioactivity.

A meta-analysis of the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease patients identifies disease-associated small molecules.

Gut microbiome changes have been associated with several human diseases, but the molecular and functional details underlying these associations remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of small molecule biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in metagenomic samples of the gut microbiome from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and matched healthy subjects and identified two Clostridia-derived BGCs that are significantly associated with Crohn's disease (CD), a main IBD type. Using synthetic biology, we discovered and solved the structures of six fatty acid amides as the products of the CD-enriched BGCs, which we subsequently detected in fecal samples from IBD patients.

Characterization of the effect of naltrexone/bupropion on body composition.

Aims: Oral treatment extended-release naltrexone/bupropion (NB) leads to significant weight loss, but its effect on body composition remains unclear. We investigated changes in body composition with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry after treatment with NB or placebo in a subgroup of participants from a randomized control phase 3 study (COR-I).

Materials And Methods: Observed changes from baseline to week 52 were estimated for total, lean, and fat mass.

Conducting genetic epidemiology research on hyperuricaemia and gout in an indigenous community in Guam - a feasibility study.

Background: Gout, the most common inflammatory arthritis disease, and hyperuricaemia onset are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. We sought to investigate these factors in an Indigenous community in Guam.

Methods: In this feasibility study, the University of Guam led the qualitative inquiry with the native community, training (pre-screening of participants, data collection methods, and biospecimen handling), study implementation (outreach and recruitment, data collection, and DNA extraction and quantification), and qualitative and epidemiologic data analyses.

A unique case of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma with synchronous pulmonary and dermatologic manifestations.

An 89-year-old male with a medical history of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was initially admitted with acute hypoxic respiratory failure attributed to heart failure exacerbation. Aside from progressive dyspnea, a non-pruritic, non-painful rash and constitutional symptoms were reported. Initial work-up was remarkable for normocytic anemia, lymphopenia, mild hypercalcemia, and elevated inflammatory markers.