Recurrent Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant IMP-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Kidney Transplant Recipients: The Impact of Prolonged Patient Colonization.

Background: Infections by carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) have been associated with high morbidity and mortality among solid organ recipients.

Objectives: To delineate the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of a recurrent outbreak of imipenem (IMP)-producing P. aeruginosa (CRPA) among kidney transplant (KT) recipient METHODS: We described a recurring CRPA outbreak in a KT ward, divided into two periods: before unit closure (Feb 2019-2020) and after reopening (Aug 2020-Dec 2023).

Colonization by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales and Bacteremia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.

Background: Assessing the risk of multidrug-resistant colonization and infections is pivotal for optimizing empirical therapy in hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCTs). Limited data exist on extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) colonization in this population. This study aimed to assess whether ESBL-E colonization constitutes a risk factor for ESBL-E bloodstream infection (BSI) and to evaluate ESBL-E colonization in HSCT recipients.

Impact of Discontinuing Levofloxacin Prophylaxis on Bloodstream Infections in Neutropenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients.

Multidrug-resistant pathogens have emerged worldwide. We have driven the hypothesis that the non-use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis during neutropenia could reduce antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria that cause bloodstream infections (BSIs) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients and that this change in resistance pattern could lead to an impact on BSI mortality. This is a quasi-experimental study comparing BSI incidence, resistance patterns of bacteria that cause BSI, and BSI mortality when levofloxacin prophylaxis was routine for neutropenic HSCT patients (2016-2018) to when fluoroquinolone prophylaxis was discontinued in our center (2019).

Performance of two methods of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales surveillance on a kidney transplant ward: selective culture of and real-time PCR directly from rectal swabs.

Background: Infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is associated with a high mortality rate in kidney transplant recipients, and colonization with CRE is one of the major risk factors for CRE infection. There is, therefore, a need to improve the capacity to detect colonization with CRE among inpatients.

Methods: In this prospective study, we compared the performance of real-time PCR for carbapenemase directly from rectal swabs with that of conventional CRE surveillance culture in all patients admitted to a kidney transplant ward between February 2019 and March 2020.

Critical points and potential pitfalls of outbreak of IMP-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa among kidney transplant recipients: a case-control study.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) infection after kidney transplantation (KT) is associated with high mortality.

Aim: To analyse an outbreak of infection/colonization with IMP-1-producing CRPA on a KT ward.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted.