Hypoxia-induced conversion of sensory Schwann cells into repair cells is regulated by HDAC8.

After a peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells (SCs), the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system, convert into repair cells that foster axonal regrowth, and then remyelinate or re-ensheath regenerated axons, thereby ensuring functional recovery. The efficiency of this mechanism depends however on the time needed for axons to regrow. Here, we show that ablation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) in SCs accelerates the regrowth of sensory axons and sensory function recovery.

Navigating the Spectrum: Assessing the Concordance of ML-Based AI Findings with Radiology in Chest X-Rays in Clinical Settings.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into radiology aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, particularly in settings with limited access to expert radiologists and in times of personnel shortage. However, challenges such as insufficient validation in actual real-world settings or automation bias should be addressed before implementing AI software in clinical routine. This cross-sectional study in a maximum care hospital assesses the concordance between diagnoses made by a commercial AI-based software and conventional radiological methods augmented by AI for four major thoracic pathologies in chest X-ray: fracture, pleural effusion, pulmonary nodule and pneumonia.

Experience Matters: Impact on Technical Success and Complication Rate in Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate factors influencing the success and complication rate of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).

Materials And Methods: PTBD procedures between 2017 and 2022 were enrolled retrospectively. Success rate, complications, and technical considerations were compared using Mann-Whitney U-, X-, and Fishers exact tests.

Utility of a Model to Predict Endothelial Cell Density of Donor Corneas to Determine Suitability for Transplantation.

Purpose: In Germany, approximately one-third of the harvested donor corneas are not suitable for transplantation, mostly due to insufficient endothelial cell density (ECD). The ECD can only be reliably determined after harvesting and processing of the cornea. Our group has previously developed a predictive model for corneal ECD: \( {Predicted\, ECD} = 2919-6^{\ast}\;{age}\; [{years}]-189\; [{if\, male}]\\ -7^{\ast}\;{death-to-explantation\, interval\,} [{hours}]\\ - 378\; [{if\, pseudophakic}] \;{cells/mm}^2 \).