Purpose: In infections of the Central Nervous System (iCNS), rapid identification of causing pathogens is crucial for survival and to avoid long-term sequelae. Targeted therapy may reduce side effects and development of antibiotic resistance. New molecular-based syndromic tests such as the "meningitis/encephalitis panel" (MEP) allow accelerated pathogen identification from cerebrospinal fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Tools are needed to assess laparoscopic camera navigation (LCN) in the operating room. Here, we aimed to develop an objective rating scale for LCN.
Study Design: We defined the following key aspects of LCN: operational field centering, correct angle of the horizon, correct instrument visualization, verbal commands from the operating surgeon, and manual corrections from the operating surgeon.
Purpose: Scrotal ultrasound, color Doppler and spectral Doppler analysis of intratesticular arteries are the most common and important examinations in boys with scrotal pain. In the existing literature information concerning feasibility and reference values of color Doppler and spectral Doppler in small testes is inconsistent.
Materials And Methods: In the present study 102 boys from 2 days to 16 years old without present or anamnestic scrotal disease were examined in a standardized manner.
Prenatally or postnatally diagnosed dilatation of the upper urinary tract initiates postnatal investigations, including sonography, dynamic renography (MAG 3) and optional voiding cystourethrography. The first ultrasound examination should be performed 3-5 days after birth and in urgent cases 10-12 h after delivery of the baby. Dynamic renography (MAG 3) is the standard diagnostic investigation and permits simultaneous assessment of renal perfusion and drainage.
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