Exploring the Contribution of the Transporter AGT1/rBAT in Cystinuria Progression: Insights from Mouse Models and a Retrospective Cohort Study.

More than 20 years have passed since the identification of and as causative genes for cystinuria. However, cystinuria patients exhibit significant variability in the age of lithiasis onset, recurrence, and response to treatment, suggesting the presence of modulatory factors influencing cystinuria severity. In 2016, a second renal cystine transporter, AGT1, encoded by the gene, was discovered.

[Why and how we must analyse urinary calculi].

Context: There is heterogeneity of criteria on the utility of urinary stone analysis as well as on which is the most suitable methodology. This review presents the analysis of the lithiasis using the morphoconstitutional analysis technique based on the combination of the stereoscopic microscopy (SM) with infrared study (IRS).

Summary Of The Evidence: There are many techniques to analyze the stone: chemical analysis, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, SM and IRS.

[Spanish bottled and tap water analysis and their relation with urinary lithiasis].

Objective: To perform a chemical analysis of all the available waters in Spain with the idea of offering consume recommendations to lithiasic patients.

Material And Methods: Information research of the chemical composition of Spanish tap and bottled water in publications, supermarkets and Internet. A descriptive study, and a correlation study between water components by means of Pearson test were performed.

[Incidence and prevalence of published studies about urolithiasis in Spain. A review].

Introduction: San Antonio, Somacarrera (1977) and Rousaud-Inmark (1984) studies established the first data of incidence and prevalence about urolithiasis in Spain. Other regional or national epidemiologic details were given for several authors from 1977 to 2002.

Material And Method: Sixteen papers with original data about incidence or prevalence have been selected, 5 of them are about incidence, 8 about prevalence and 3 include both.

[Renal colic: revision of literature and scientific evidence].

In recent years diagnosis and treatment of acute renal colic have changed thanks to the introduction of new radiological procedures that allow with high reliability to establish obstructive cause and a better treatment. In the other hand, there are multiple clinical studies that show the most effective treatments for acute crisis. The aim of this revision is to update the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of renal colic which were modified recently, and allowed to break some classic concepts without scientific evidence.