A microfluidic chip for geoelectrical monitoring of critical zone processes.

We miniaturize geoelectrical acquisition using advanced microfabrication technologies to investigate coupled processes in the critical zone. We focus on the development of the complex electrical conductivity acquisition with the spectral induced polarization (SIP) method on a microfluidic chip equipped with electrodes. SIP is an innovative detection method that has the potential to monitor biogeochemical processes.

Incidence and risk factors of oral antibiotic-associated diarrhea in an outpatient pediatric population.

Background: Little information is available on the epidemiologic characteristics of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children. The authors' aim was to evaluate the incidence of AAD in an outpatient pediatric population and to identify risk factors.

Methods: Children aged 1 month to 15.

[Early detection of visual disorders by pediatricians].

A group of pediatricians from Northern France whose aim was to develop research projects in ambulatory pediatrics, elaborated a method of rapid assessment of visual acuity that can be applied by the pediatrician in the consulting room. This test was included in the routine examination of children between the age of 2 1/2 and 4, the age of 3 years being the most appropriate. The method is simple, reliable, reproducible and cheap since it is part of the pediatrician's consultation.