ChiSCAT: Unsupervised Learning of Recurrent Cellular Micromotion Patterns from a Chaotic Speckle Pattern.

There is considerable evidence that action potentials are accompanied by "intrinsic optical signals", such as a nanometer-scale motion of the cell membrane. Here we present ChiSCAT, a technically simple imaging scheme that detects such signals with interferometric sensitivity. ChiSCAT combines illumination by a aotic speckle pattern and interferometric scattering microscopy () to sensitively detect motion in any direction.

Validation of the maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test in adolescents with major depressive disorder and comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness with sex- and age-related control values.

Endurance training has been shown to be effective in treating adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). To integrate endurance training into the therapeutic setting and the adolescents' daily lives, the current performance status of the adolescents should be accurately assessed. This study aims to examine adolescents with MDD concerning exhaustion criteria during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), as well as to compare the values obtained thereon with sex- and age-related control values.

Protecting endangered megafauna through AI analysis of drone images in a low-connectivity setting: a case study from Namibia.

Assessing the numbers and distribution of at-risk megafauna such as the black rhino () is key to effective conservation, yet such data are difficult to obtain. Many current monitoring technologies are invasive to the target animals and expensive. Satellite monitoring is emerging as a potential tool for very large animals (.

Investigation of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors for Lung Delivery and the Importance of Aldehyde Oxidase Metabolism.

The Janus family of tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) play an essential role in the receptor signaling of cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, and there is emerging interest in the development of small-molecule-inhaled JAK inhibitors as treatments. Here, we describe the optimization of a quinazoline series of JAK inhibitors and the results of mouse lung pharmacokinetic (PK) studies where only low concentrations of parent compound were observed. Subsequent investigations revealed that the low exposure was due to metabolism by aldehyde oxidase (AO), so we sought to identify quinazolines that were not metabolized by AO.

Robust all-optical single-shot readout of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond.

High-fidelity projective readout of a qubit's state in a single experimental repetition is a prerequisite for various quantum protocols of sensing and computing. Achieving single-shot readout is challenging for solid-state qubits. For Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, it has been realized using nuclear memories or resonant excitation at cryogenic temperature.