[The evaluation of anxiety and the analysis of pain perception in Down's syndrome patients undergoing dental procedures].

Twenty Down's syndrome dental patients between 9 and 20 years of age have been identified in order to evaluate anxiety and pain induced by various kinds of dental treatment such as some "moderately painful" dental out-patient procedures (10 subjects), general anaesthesia dental treatment (5 subjects) and painless out-patient visit or routine orthodontic services (5 subjects). Each patient received a previous psychological evaluation to assess his intellectual and cognitive developmental degree. Anxiety was assessed twice, before and after intervention by means of a questionnaire; pain was tested in a subjective way during the procedure (or the control oral visit 12 hours after the g.

[Our experience in the correction of a short frenulum labialis by Z-plasty].

The authors report their experience of the reconstruction by z-plasty in cases of shortness of the lip frenum. Amongst several techniques they used for this correction they got best results utilizing a z-plasty, with wide flaps, planned so that after the transposition of the flaps the medial branch of the z-plasty falls horizontally into the deeper vestibular fornix. In all cases treated by that z-plasty the A.

[The functional and surgical rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and cleft palate in a case of the syndrome of the deletion of the long arm of chromosome 18 diagnosed in utero].

Following an introductory illustration of the clinical characteristics of the 18q syndrome (De Grouchy syndrome), the paper describes the treatment carried out in a young patient with harelip and cleft palate in addition to chromosomopathy. Although the facial malformation and the karyotype with the deletion of a portion of the long arm of chromosome 18 were diagnosed in utero, the parents, having been correctly informed of the mental retardation usually associated with this syndrome and the possibility of surgical correction of the facial malformation, decided not to abort. The case offers an occasion for analysing the various stages and results obtained to date using a multi-specialised diagnostic approach and functional and surgical treatment of the harelip and cleft palate which have enabled much of the congenital handicap to be corrected.