The MICA-NKG2D axis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma bolsters MICA as target in immuno-oncology.

NKG2D is a major natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptor that recognizes eight ligands (NKG2DLs), including MICA, and whose engagement triggers NK cell effector functions. As NKG2DLs are upregulated on tumor cells but tumors can subvert the NKG2D-NKG2DL axis, NKG2DLs constitute attractive targets for antibody (Ab)-based immuno-oncology therapies. However, such approaches require a deep characterization of NKG2DLs and NKG2D cell surface expression on primary tumor and immune cells.

Circulating and Tumor-Infiltrating NK Cells From Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Exhibit a Predominantly Inhibitory Phenotype Characterized by Overexpression of CD85j, CD45, CD48 and PD-1.

Although natural killer (NK) cells infiltrate clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC), the most frequent malignancy of the kidney, tumor progression suggests that they become dysfunctional. As ccRCC-driven subversion of NK cell effector functions is usually accompanied by phenotypic changes, analysis of such alterations might lead to the identification of novel biomarkers and/or targets in immuno-oncology. Consequently, we performed a phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood NK cells (PBNK) and tumor-infiltrating NK cells (TINK) from ccRCC patients.

Prognostic Factors in De Novo Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Report From the Latin American Renal Cancer Group.

Purpose: To assess the effect of clinical and pathological variables on cancer-specific and overall survival (OS) in de novo metastatic patients from a collaborative of primarily Latin American countries.

Patients And Methods: Of 4,060 patients with renal cell carcinoma diagnosed between 1990 and 2015, a total of 530 (14.5%) had metastasis at clinical presentation.

Pelvic lymph node dissection in high-risk prostate cancer.

Introduction: The therapeutic role of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in prostate cancer (PCa) is unknown due to absence of randomized trials.

Objective: to present a critical review on the therapeutic benefits of PLND in high risk localized PCa patients.

Materials And Methods: A search of the literature on PLND was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline database.

[Epidemiology, etiology and prevention of bladder cancer.].

Bladder cancer is the seventh most frequent cancer on male population and eleventh within the whole inhabitants. Differences in incidence and mortality between countries and regions exist. Those differences depend on variables including epidemiological data, social and cultural features and economics amongst the several populations that are exposed to different risk factors and treatment approaches.